This chapter uses statistical techniques to assess whether there is evidence that Africa’s slave trades had a detrimental impact on long-term economic development. This is done by first constructing estimates of the number of slaves taken from each region of Africa between 1400 and 1900. The estimates are constructed by combining data on the number of slaves shipped from African ports with data...

Manish Kalia, Sumit Garg, Rajeev Shorey IBM India Research Laboratory, Block 1, Indian Institute of Technology, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India. Email: [email protected], Phone: 91-11-6861100, Fax: 91-11-6861555 Abstract—In indoor pico-cellular wireless systems, such as Bluetooth1 , a pico-cell has a Master-Slave configuration. Bluetooth is a Centralized Master driven system that supports T...

Monte-Carlo tree search is a powerful paradigm for the game of Go. We present a parallel Master-Slave algorithm for Monte-Carlo tree search. We experimented the algorithm on a network of computers using various configurations: from 12,500 to 100,000 playouts, from 1 to 64 slaves, and from 1 to 16 computers. On our architecture we obtain a speedup of 14 for 16 slaves. With a single slave and fiv...

This paper analyzes differences between the experiences of former slaves and freeborn blacks as colonists in Liberia. Mortality was extraordinarily high among Liberian colonists, and former slaves are found to have faced a significantly higher risk of mortality than freeborn colonists. Former slaves also had a significantly lower level of human capital. There are no observable differences in th...

In both cases it is necessary to compensate delays in transporting the EtherCAT frames emerging between particular slaves, so as to keep up with the requested accuracy that may range even below 1us for the slaves clocks. It is provided in the following way: for each slave the time between the frame departure and frame arrival is measured at each connected port. Then the master computes the dela...

Internal clock synchronization has been investigated, or employed, for quite a number of years, under the requirement of good upper bounds for the deviation, or accuracy, between a predefined master node M and slaves S1, S2, etc. It has been tacitly assumed that the accuracy range between slaves S1 and S2 was just the same as for the master/ slave. In extensive experimental studies of unicast-b...