or bisexuals, intravenous drug abusers, recipients of blood and blood products, Haitians, and the heterosexual partners of individuals in these groups.4-7 Affected infants, who account for about 1% of cases of AIDS, have usually been born to women in these at-risk groups. A smaller number of infants seem to have acquired the disease from blood transfusions.9 Where the mother has been the appare...

Environmental epidemiology requires effective models that take individual observations of environmental factors and connect them into meaningful patterns. Single-factor relationships have given way to multivariable analyses; simple additive models have been augmented by multiplicative (logistic) models. Each of these steps has produced greater enlightenment and understanding. Models that allow ...

Thyroid hormone is essential for normal brain development. However, little is known about the molecular and cellular mechanisms that mediate thyroid hormone action on the developing brain or the developmental events selectively affected. Consequently, although a large number of environmental chemicals interfere with the thyroid system, there are few neurodevelopmental end points to recruit for ...

ROBERT, DONALD CATON, Luls B, &RET, CARLYLE LEON MANN, AND DONALD H. BARRON. Fetal brainmaternal aorta tm~erature d@erences in sheep. Am. J, Physiol. 2 17(6) : I6 194622, I969.-Thermocouples were implanted chronically in the fetal brain and maternal aorta respectively of 1 I pregnant Dorset and Columbian ewes, at stages between the 122nd and 139th days of gestation. In six apparently unstressed...

Adult men's height reflects, not only their genetic endowment, but also the conditions that were present during their development in utero and in childhood. We compared the adult heights of men who committed one or more sexual offenses and who were erotically interested in prepubescent children (pedophilic sexual offenders; n=223), those who were erotically interested in pubescent children (heb...

The brain is the command center of our bodies, integrating information from the periphery and providing sophisticated control over behavior. The brain stores memories and is considered to determine who we are. This concept goes hand in hand with an important feature of the brain: neurons are some of the few cell types in the body that do not divide once they have matured, meaning that the sets ...

BACKGROUND Growth faltering in West African children has previously been associated with dietary exposure to aflatoxins, particularly upon weaning. However, in animal studies in utero exposure to low levels of aflatoxin also results in growth faltering. OBJECTIVE This study investigated the effect of in utero aflatoxin exposure on infant growth in the first year of life in The Gambia. METHO...

The transport of pregnant women at high risk for problems to a facility that can provide the required obstetric and neonatal care is recognized as an essential component of modern perinatal care. Outcomes for the newborn are improved if women are transported antenatally, especially for those preterm infants who are born at less than 30 weeks’ gestation.1 Therefore, transferring a woman with the...

Introduction The mouse embryo is a widespread animal model for human development disorders. MRI offers a unique, noninvasive approach for imaging normal and abnormal mouse embryo development in later gestational stages. One of the difficulties of imaging in utero mouse embryos is the lack of tissue contrast exhibited by the embryo at high magnet field strengths. This project explores the use of...

report this case to the Society. On the 1st of January of the present year, I was requested to visit a woman some miles distant in the country. She was 42 years of age, and had previously borne nine children, all of whom were alive. She was again pregnant, having last menstruated in the beginning of May. An examination revealed the presence of a living fetus ? in utero.' She had up to this time...