discussion about islamic culture and civilization and elements of its evolution and development is complex and needs comprehensive review. why and how islam emerged among arabs who in comparison with other nations had not enjoyed considerable background and civilization and could develop and unite them, is a basic issue and deserves a separate review. but the issue that development and evolutio...

amulet prayers or the so called “ad'iyatul-hirz,” are a genre of islamic liturgical literature, prevailing among all muslims, especially in shiite culture. it is of importance to study these texts, whether in order to formulate the history of islamic liturgies, or to perceive the development of islamic culture and civilization, or to achieve a meaning tool for dating muslim traditions. as ...

The Emergence of `Islamic Education Movement` is a response to the `secularization of education` faced by the ummah (muslim people) all over the world; in the sense that the `traditional Islamic Sciences` which are rooted in Islamic sources i.e. al-Qur’an (the Holy Book) and as-Sunnah (Tradition of the prophet) have been marginalized. Subsequently, Muslim scholars have made serious endeavors to...

175 Further Reading Bulliet, Richward W. (1979) Conversion to Islam in the Medieval Period, An Essay in Quantitative History. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. Hodgson, Marshall G. (1974) The Venture of Islam, Conscience and History in a World Civilization. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Lapidus, Ira M. (1988) A History of Islamic Societies. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University P...

Islam is part of the source civilization for its adherents. It adjusted to term itself, which has meaning product activities in human life, both economic, social, political, educational fields, and so on. Thus, this case, as a religion, holy writings, also provides clue about things needed although not clear language. Enforcing implementation Arabic Islamic Sharia into society such Indonesia wi...