nutritive value of ephedra (ephedra intermedia) was evaluated through determination of chemical compositions, in situ degradability and in vitro gas production techniques using three permanently fistulated adult baluchi sheep. the samples were harvested during the late spring from rangeland in north of khorasan razavi province. the rate of gas production and degradability characteristics of dry...

The objective of this study was to determine the chemical composition and in situ degradability dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), acid detergent fiber (ADF), neutral (NDF) stockpiled perennial forage (SPF) or sun-cured hay (HAY) when collected at start end (October vs. December) fall grazing. Selected 6, 4-ha paddocks consisting meadow bromegrass alfalfa, were randomly assigned 1 2 replicate...

A study was conducted to characterize the carbohydrate and protein fractions of barley-based distillers grains (BDG) derived from a mix of 70% barley, 20% wheat and 10% rye/triticale. Amino acid composition, ruminal escape protein and amino acid values, and ruminal nutrient degradability of BDG were determined relative to wheat-based distillers' grains (WDG) derived from 100% wheat. On a dry ma...

Particle size alterations during neutral detergent fiber (NDF) determination and in situ rumen incubation were analyzed by dry sieving and image analysis to evaluate the in situ procedure for estimation of NDF degradation parameters and indigestible NDF concentration in terms of particle size. Early-cut and late-cut grass silages, corn silage, alfalfa silage, rapeseed meal, and dried distillers...

Dueto theactionofo-quinones formedviapolyphenoloxidase, conserved red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) contains abundant rumen undegradable protein (RUP), but inadequate rumen degradable protein (RDP) fordairy cattle. This studyexaminedhowforagemanagement influences RDP, RUP, crude protein (CP) and fiber fractions in red clover silage and dry matter (DM) yields during the first full production ye...

Five Angus x Hereford steers with ruminal and duodenal fistulas were used in a 5 x 5 Latin square to determine effects of increasing the proportion of urea in supplemental degradable intake protein (DIP) on intake, fermentation, and digestion. Steers had ad libitum access to low-quality, tallgrass-prairie forage (2.4% CP, 76% NDF). Supplemental DIP (380 g/d) was from sodium caseinate and(or) ur...

Particle size alterations during neutral detergent fiber (NDF) determination and in situ rumen incubation were analyzed by dry sieving and image analysis to evaluate the in situ procedure for estimation of NDF degradation parameters and indigestible NDF concentration in terms of particle size. Early-cut and late-cut grass silages, corn silage, alfalfa silage, rapeseed meal, and dried distillers...

To evaluate the nutritional behaviour of simple and complex diets provided under different feeding regimes, a stochastic, dynamic and predictive simulation model was developed. Feed fractions, considered in the model were soluble non-structural carbohydrates (SNSC), insoluble non-structural carbohydrates (INSC), INSC degradation rate (k&s,), fractional passage rate (kp), neutral detergent fibre...

This study was conducted to evaluate the ensiling characteristics and the in situ degradability of a by-product feed (BF)-based silage. Before ensilation, the BF-based mixture was composed of 50% spent mushroom substrate, 21% recycled poultry bedding, 15% ryegrass straw, 10.8% rice bran, 2% molasses, 0.6% bentonite, and 0.6% microbial inoculant on a wet basis and ensiled for up to 4 weeks. The ...

During 2006 and 2007, forages from 3 individual hay harvests were utilized to assess the effects of spontaneous heating on concentrations of fiber components, 48-h neutral detergent fiber (NDF) digestibility (NDFD), and in situ disappearance kinetics of NDF for large-round bales of mixed alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.). Over the 3 harvests, 96 large-round b...