abstract:this study examines the significant impact of exchange rate shock on prices of malaysian importsand exports. in methodology, the study adopts vector error correction (vecm) model using monthlydata of nominal exchange rates, money supply, prices of imports and prices of exports covering theperiod of m1:1999 to m12:2006. for further analysis, we adopt an innovation accounting bysimulatin...

Transient waves, like all other acoustic waves, will diffract around solid objects, such as measurement instrumentation. A derivation of an impulse response function on the surface of a rigid sphere, based on linear, classical scattering theory, is presented. The theoretical impulse response function is validated using an experiment with blast noise. An application of the impulse response funct...

background: several studies have showed an increased prevalence of airflow obstruction in first degree relatives of individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd). considering no specific research had evaluated airway resistance in offspring of patients with severe copd, we utilized a spirometry and a impulse oscillometry (io) to evaluate this population. materials and methods: i...

In this paper, we propose an adaptive IIR equalizer based on prefiltering techniques. The proposed equalizer has a cascade structure of an ARMA prefilter and an adaptive FIR equalizer. The ARMA prefilter is designed based on the transfer function estimated by the gradient-type instrumental variable algorithm. Simulation results are shown to confirm the performance of the proposed adaptive IIR e...

The introduction of a simple correction term in gradient algorithms for adaptive IIR filtering is shown to improve their convergence and robustness. The error surface, i.e., the mean squared value of the output error as a function of adaptive coefficients, is quadratic in adaptive FIR filtering and thus a simple gradient search works well. This is not the case in adaptive IIR filtering where th...

In this paper, the two dimensional (2D) digital notch filter design problem is investigated. First, we develop a simple algebraic method for 2D IIR notch filter design. This approach not only has closed-form transfer function but also satisfies bounded input bunded output ( ~ 1 ~ 0 ) stability condition. Next, we use Lagrange multiplier method to design 2D FIR notch filters. This design is opti...

In this paper we design a Finite-Impulse-Response (FIR) filter to enforce the so-called Strictly-Positive-Realness (SPR) condition in an adaptive Infinite-Impulse-Response (IIR) filtering context. The paper results may then be used to guarantee the convergence of pseudolinear regression IIR adaptive algorithms.

The causal impulse response of the velocity potential for the Stokes wave equation is derived for calculations of transient velocity potential fields generated by circular pistons in viscous media. The causal Green's function is numerically verified using the material impulse response function approach. The causal, lossy impulse response for a baffled circular piston is then calculated within t...