Cellulases are being widely employed in lignocellulosic biorefineries for the sustainable production of value-added bioproducts. However, high cost, sensitivity, and non-reusability free cellulase enzymes impede their commercial applications. Enzyme immobilization seems to be a potential approach address aforesaid complications. The current study aims at recombinant endoglucanase (CelA) origina...

Islamic Counselling: An Introduction to Theory and Practice by G. Hussein Rassool successfully differentiates Islamic counseling theory from a wide range of mainstream therapeutic models such as psychoanalytic, humanistic, cognitive–behavioral, and solutionfocused approaches. It serves as an introductory guide to support academics, clinicians, paraprofessionals, and students in the understandin...

This paper examines the interpretation of Muhammad Husein al-Tabataba’i on QS. al-Zumar (39): 65 and al-Baqarah (2): 136 in his commentary, al-Mizan fi Tafsir al-Qur’an. study aims to show that there is a side moderation al-Ṭabataba'i which leads Sunni meaning, this case, monotheism. The research method used descriptive analysis, collect related data then analyze it. analysis refers what offere...

shawāhid al-nabuwwa of ‘abd al-raḥmān jāmī (d. 898/1492) is among the books written by one of the sunnī scholars who has authored it with a sufi taste. in this book, jāmī has addressed the life of the prophet (s.a.w.), the twelve imams (a.s.), and the companions (ṣaḥāba) with a miracle-oriented approach and has presented precisely the same reports about the imams (a.s.) that are found in shī‘ī ...

Mosques and Imams is a valuable contribution to the expanding ethnographic study of devotional practices, social institutions spiritual political movements shaping presence Islam...

in his mushkilat al-hadith, yahya muhammad denies knowledge and innocence of shiite imams through presenting such proofs as the way companions of later shiite imams dealt with the issue of imama, formation of various shi‘a sects, perplexity and dispute of shiites as to imama of the next imam in every era, not presenting al-kafi to four vicegerents of the twelfth imam, and lack of belief in the ...

In this article, I study how Imāmī imams ʿAlī al-Hādī (d. 868 CE) and al-Ḥasan al-ʿAskarī 874 attempted to police boundaries. While their excommunications have hitherto been treated through the lens of doctrinal discipline, argue that we should not situate doctrine within practice. Religious leaders like Imams used politics boundaries in order meet challenges authority. By studying acts excommu...