SHRIMP AQUACULTURE HAS BEEN DRAMATICALLY AFFECTED BY MANY PATHOGENIC DISEASES, MAINLY CAUSED BY FIVE VIRUSES: IHHNV, YHV, TSV, WSSV, and IMNV. Here we provide a state-of-the-art overview of these shrimp viruses, with emphasis on distribution, pathology, morphology, and genomic organization, in addition to current diagnostic methods and intervention practices.

Freshwater crayfish, which are cultivated in aquaculture, economically important for food and ornamental purposes. However, relatively few studies have focused on potentially pathogenic viruses crayfish compared to penaeid shrimp. Commodity red claw (Cherax quadricarinatus; 400 10 batches) swamp (Procambarus clarkii; 40 2 imported into South Korea from Indonesia China were screened by PCR detec...

The pathogenic penaeid shrimp viruses white spot syndrome virus (wSSv) and infectious hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis virus (IhhNv) are reported for the first time from Argentina. They both occurred in wild crustaceans in Bahia Blanca Estuary, with wSSv detected by polymerase chain reaction (pCR) or real time quantitative pCR (qpCR) methods as infecting samples as high as 56% of the penae...

  The first time the white spot disease (WSD) and IHHNV were reported in Iran was in 2004 and 2008, respectively in Bushehr Province. In Sistan and Balochestan province only the WSD was reported in 2008.The aim of this study was detecting these two viral diseases in these provinces, during December 2009 to April 2010. A total of 364 samples were collected according to suspected gross signs from...

  The first time the white spot disease (WSD) and IHHNV were reported in Iran was in 2004 and 2008, respectively in Bushehr Province. In Sistan and Balochestan province only the WSD was reported in 2008.The aim of this study was detecting these two viral diseases in these provinces, during December 2009 to April 2010. A total of 364 samples were collected according to suspected gross signs from...

We surveyed protozoan and metazoan parasites as well as white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) and infectious hypodermal hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHHNV) in white shrimp Litopenaeus setiferus and the palaemonid prawn Macrobrachium acanthurus native to the lower Jamapa River region of Veracruz, Mexico. The presence of parasites and the infection parameters were evaluated in 113 palaemonid prawns c...

Marine penaeid shrimp are effected by approximately twenty viruses, the majority of which were discovered as a result of their negative effects on aquaculture. In the Americas, infectious hypodermal and haematopoietic necrosis (IHHN) virus and Taura syndrome (TS) virus have had a significant negative impact on aquaculture industries and, in one instance, on a commercial fishery. Both viruses ha...

Infectious hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHHNV) of shrimp contains a linear single-stranded DNA genome of approximately 4.1kb with three putative open reading frames (ORFs) on the same DNA strand designated, the Left, Middle, and Right ORFs. The Left ORF codes for non-structural protein and the Right ORF codes for capsid protein, whereas the role of the Middle ORF is still unknow...

Penaeus vannamei (Pacific white legged shrimp), is an exotic shrimp species introduced to India in 2009, and is currently been extensively cultured along the Southeast coastal region of the Country. The expansion of the industry had resulted in mushrooming up of unapproved hatcheries and farms which do not implement adequate biosecurity measures or good management practices required for farming...