Isoelectric focusing (IEF) of hemoglobin was compared to the classical chromatography of labeled globin chains for 22 antenatal diagnoses of hemoglobinopathies: 1 1 for /9 thalassemia. and 1 1 for sickle cell disease. In all cases. the two methods gave identical results. The diagnosis was confirmed after birth or abortion. Three fetuses homozygous for /1 thalassemia and one homozygous for sickl...

Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2DE) is a well-developed, high-resolution technology to separate complex mixtures of proteins. This technique has been widely used for the past four decades, and has played a vital part in the developmental history of proteomics. The advantages and limitations of 2DE in proteomics research have been reviewed (e.g., Thelen and Peck, 2007; Oliveira et al., 201...

Belief conflict patterns (BCPs) are knowledge structures representing the understander’s moral attitude toward problematic interpretations of the events in a story. These structures are used to model interest in stories by contrasting the understanding of stories to the system’s beliefs about the characters and what they have done. Once recognized, BCPs provide a framework for interpreting the ...

The occurrence of charge variants of phosphohexose isomerase was elucidated in cancerous and, for comparison, in noncancerous tissues obtained from the same organ. Surgical specimens from 35 patients with gastrointestinal and mammary carcinoma were studied by means of the isoelectric focusing (IEF) technique. Differences in the IEF pattern could be demonstrated in 90% of the patients with gastr...

Russian wheat aphid (RWA) infestation, ethylene exposure, and mechanical wounding resulted in differential expression of chitinase (EC 3.2.1.14) isoenzymes in near-isogenic wheat lines susceptible and resistant to the RWA. Isoelectric focusing (IEF) and non-denaturing IEF gels revealed the existence of multiple isoenzymes of chitinase with a wide range of isoelectric points, ranging from 9.7 (b...

A simple isoelectric focusing (IEF) method for whole bacterial cells was developed. In a pH gradient of 2 to 10 and an electric field of 11.5 V cm-1, mixtures of cells from the three different bacterial strains Chlorobium limicola 6230, Pseudomonas stutzeri DSM 50227, and Micrococcus luteus DSM 20030 could be separated. A density gradient of Ficoll prevented convective currents in the system. T...

Isoelectric focusing (IEF), agarose electrophoresis, and crossed immunoelectrophoresis (CIE) were used to resolve the heme-containing proteins of the Escherichia coli cytoplasmic membrane after solubilization by Triton X-100. Two bands in IEF stained for heme with pI values of 4.7 and 5.3. One of the bands, with an isoelectric point of pH 5.3, was present only when the cells were grown to late ...

Received 18 November 1997; accepted 27 June 1998) The procedure for phenotyping of most genetic variants in cow milk was optimised for iso-electric focusing (IEF) of camel milk proteins and milk from individual camels of different breeds was screened. The caseins obtained from IEF bands were also investigated by Nterminal sequencing. Camel milk casein was separated at different pH and the prote...

This paper reports a protocol that improves the resolving power of isoelectric focusing (IEF) in a polymeric microfluidic chip. This method couples several stages of IEF in series by first focusing proteins in a straight channel using broad-range ampholytes and then refocusing segments of the first channel into secondary channels that branch from the first one at T-junctions. Experiments demons...