The objective of this study was to evaluate the estrogenic effects and mechanisms of three flavonoid components in Xiaoyao powder: quercetin, kaempferol, and isorhamnetin. The drugs were used to treat estrogen receptor (ER)-positive human breast cancer MCF-7 cells, and proliferation was measured using the MTT method. The expression of proteins and mRNA of the ER subtype were measured using west...

Introduction: Ischemic stroke is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Neuroprotective strategies were reported to attenuate cognitive deficits after ischemic incidents. Here we studied the neuroprotective potential of chrysin in a rat model of cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion (I/R) in the presence or absence of Estrogen Receptors (ERs). Methods: Adult male Wistar rats w...

objective(s):estrogen (e2) has neuroprotective effects on blood-brain-barrier (bbb) after traumatic brain injury (tbi). in order to investigate the roles of estrogen receptors (ers) in these effects, er-α antagonist (mpp) and, er-β antagonist (phtpp), or non-selective estrogen receptors antagonist (ici 182780) were administered. materials and methods: ovariectomized rats were divided into 10 gr...

Objective(s):Estrogen (E2) has neuroprotective effects on blood-brain-barrier (BBB) after traumatic brain injury (TBI). In order to investigate the roles of estrogen receptors (ERs) in these effects, ER-α antagonist (MPP) and, ER-β antagonist (PHTPP), or non-selective estrogen receptors antagonist (ICI 182780) were administered. Materials and Methods: Ovariectomized rats were divided into 10 gr...

The present study investigated the effects of raloxifene, a second generation selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM), plus 17-betaE2 on aortic atherosclerosis and mammary gland hyperplasia in ovariectomized, cholesterol-fed rabbits. Following 10 weeks of raloxifene, 17-betaE2, or raloxifene plus 17-betaE2 administration, serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein were ...

Phytoestrogens have been suggested as alternative treatment for postmenopausal osteoporosis. Equol, a metabolite of daidzein, has been shown to inhibit bone loss in ovariectomized mice and rats. However, whether or not equol influences the formation of bone has not yet been investigated. Therefore, we investigated the effect of equol on the proliferation and differentiation of rat primary osteo...

GPR30 or G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1 (GPER1) is expressed in the vasculature, but the importance of vascular GPER1 remains to be clarified. Here we investigate effects of the GPER1 agonist G-1 on endothelial cell proliferation using mouse microvascular endothelial bEnd.3 cells. The bEnd.3 cells express mRNA for GPER1. The bEnd.3 cells expressed both ERα and ERβ immunoreactivities. Tre...

Uterine NK (uNK) cells express a unique set of markers compared with blood NK cells. However, recent studies suggest that uNK cells may be derived from the recruitment of blood NK cells into the endometrium. In this study, we used an in vitro organ culture system to demonstrate that estradiol induces expression of chemokines CXCL10 and/or CXCL11 within human endometrium in 85% of patient sample...

Although cells of the osteoblast lineage express functional ERs, direct effects of estrogen on bone formation remain obscure. In the present study, we have investigated estrogen effects on osteoblastic and adipocytic differentiation from a mouse bone marrow stromal cell line, ST-2, which had been manipulated to overexpress either human ER (ST2ER ) or ER (ST2ER ). Treatment with bone morphogenet...