BACKGROUND The science of toxicology has a long history and been highly valued in Islamic countries. Numerous scientists were the expert in this field, particularly during the third and fourth centuries. Through reading such literature and gaining the experience of the scientists, one can use such valuable information to promote this science. METHODS In this article, different sources of trad...

Abstract In his study of Arabic phonetics, Asbāb ḥudūṯ al-ḥurūf (The Causes the Genesis Consonants), Ibn Sīnā briefly surveys some speech sounds found in languages other than Arabic, among them one particular to Khwarizmian, an Iranian language attested primarily glosses manuscripts 13th century. This attempts elucidate sound describes both through reference own system phonetic terminology and ...

The problem of human's two domains has a significant influence on human knowledge, and since the human privilege in the universe to the other beings as well as the immateriality of the soul and so on is based on proving the soul's substance separately, it worths to search in this issue about the ideas of two Western and Islamic philosophers. Ibn Sīnā with arguments such as the "suspending man" ...

Abstract The debates on Kulliyyāt I .1.ii of Ibn Sīnā’s Qānūn (“on the subjects medicine”) were initiated by Faḫr al-Dīn al-Rāzī and continued Afḍal al-Ḫūnaǧī, Naǧm al-Naḫǧawānī, Yaʿqūb ibn Ġanāʾim al-Sāmirī, Rafīʿ al-Ǧīlī, al-Nafīs, al-Quff al-Masīḥī. In his own commentary, entitled al-Tuḥfa al-saʿdiyya , Quṭb al-Šīrāzī preserved scrutinized predecessors’ commentaries, in order to offer what h...

No presente estudo, busca-se demonstrar como Avicena (Ibn Sīnā), em sua obra Liber de Philosophia Prima sive Scientia Divina, desloca a posição tradicional da Lógica na classificação das ciências e coloca numa nova posição, anterior à Metafísica. Isso se deve ao fato estabelecer uma gradação dos campos investigativos filosóficas, que parte do mais concreto abstrato. Desse modo, vista delimitar ...

the discourse of the :union: of the intellect and the intelligible is one of the important philosophical issues and porphyrius and aristotle can be mentioned as among the early advocates of it, which has been common among the peripatetics. however, kandī and fārābi can be mentioned among the early muslims who brought up the issue of the :union: of the intellect and the intelligible, but ibn sīn...