We show that children who are born at or just before the weekend less likely to be breastfed, owing poorer breastfeeding support services in hospitals weekends. use this variation estimate effect of on children's development first seven years life, for a sample births low-educated mothers. find large effects cognitive but no health noncognitive during period childhood we consider. Regarding mec...

We use administrative data from Sweden to study adherence 63 medication-related guidelines. compare the of patients without personal access medical expertise that with access, namely doctors and their close relatives. estimate observably similar have 3.8 percentage points lower adherence, relative a baseline rate 54.4 percent among those access. Our findings suggest an important role in nonadhe...

This paper estimates the long-run effects of childhood Medicaid eligibility on adult health and economic outcomes using program’s original introduction ( 1966–1970) its mandated coverage welfare recipients. The design compares cohorts born in different years relative to implementation, states with preexisting welfare-based eligibility. Early reduces mortality disability, increases employment, r...

Motivated by the effects of COVID-19 pandemic, we present a theory Keynesian supply shocks: shocks that reduce potential output in sector economy, but that, reducing demand other sectors, ultimately push aggregate activity below potential. A shock is more likely when elasticity substitution between sectors relatively low, intertemporal high, and markets are incomplete. Fiscal policy can display...

This study analyses the physical stature of runaway apprentices and military deserters based on advertisements collected from 18-century newspapers, in order to explore the biological welfare of colonial and early-national Americans. The results indicate that heights declined somewhat at mid-century, but increased substantially thereafter. The findings are generally in keeping with trends in mo...

This study analyses the physical stature of runaway apprentices and military deserters based on advertisements collected from 18-century newspapers, in order to explore the biological welfare of colonial and early-national Americans. The results indicate that heights declined somewhat at mid-century, but increased substantially thereafter. The findings are generally in keeping with trends in mo...

Anthropometric Mobility During Childhood While childhood obesity has become a significant public health concern over the last few decades, knowledge concerning the origins of or persistence in childhood anthropometric measures is incomplete. Here, we utilize several nonparametric measures of mobility to assess the evolution of weight, height, and body mass index during early childhood. We find ...

This paper uses the rollout of the first Community Health Centers (CHCs) to study the longer-term health effects of increasing access to primary care. Within ten years, CHCs are associated with a reduction in age-adjusted mortality rates of 2 percent among those 50 and older. The implied 7 to 13 percent decrease in one-year mortality risk among beneficiaries amounts to 20 to 40 percent of the 1...

This paper examines the eff ects of hospital case volume on quality of care on the example of intact abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) and hip fracture (HIP). We conduct the analysis on patient level with multiple logistic regression analysis. Quality is measured with a binary variable which indicates whether the patient has died in hospital. The results show that patients who are treated in hosp...

This paper offers projections of future transmission dynamics for SARS-CoV-2 in an SEIRS model with demographics and waning immunity. In a stylized optimal control setting calibrated to the United States, we show that disease is endemic steady state its are characterized by damped oscillations. The magnitude oscillations depends on how fast immunity wanes. social distancing policy both curbs pe...