Kubo M, Li TS, Suzuki R, Shirasawa B, Morikage N, Ohshima M, Qin SL, Hamano K. Hypoxic preconditioning increases survival and angiogenic potency of peripheral blood mononuclear cells via oxidative stress resistance. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 294: H590–H595, 2008. First published December 21, 2007; doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00856.2007.—Cell-based angiogenesis is a promising treatment for ischem...

Fetal programming has profound effects on cardiovascular function in later adult life. We tested the hypothesis that chronic hypoxic exposure during fetal development downregulates endogenous cardioprotective mechanisms in adult rats. Time-dated pregnant rats were divided between normoxic and hypoxic (10.5% O2 from days 15 to 21 of gestation) groups. The male progeny were studied at 2 mo of age...

PURPOSE To investigate the effects of bevacizumab on endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells cultured under hypoxic conditions. METHODS RPE cells (ARPE-19) were cultured under hypoxic conditions (1% O2) with or without bevacizumab (0.3125 mg/mL) for 24 and 48 h. Cell viability was measured by a PrestoBlue assay. The expression of vascular endothelial ...

TO THE EDITOR: The authors of the Viewpoint (2) propose that a cut-off point for initiation of hypoxia-induced muscle wasting is ~5,000 km·h. Although they employ a valuable new metric, incorporating elevation and total exposure time, we previously suggested that it might be better to quantify the hypoxic stimuli by using “saturation hours” (4). This is particularly important given that both (d...

The ability of mesenchymal stromal (stem) cells (MSCs) to be mobilised from their local depot towards sites of injury and to participate in tissue repair makes these cells promising candidates for cell therapy. Physiological O2 tension in an MSC niche in vivo is about 4-7%. However, most in vitro studies of MSC functional activity are performed at 20% O2. Therefore, this study focused on the ef...

UNLABELLED Hypoxia induces genomic instability through replication stress and dysregulation of vital DNA repair pathways. The Fanconi anemia (FA) proteins, FANCD2 and FANCI, are key members of a DNA repair pathway that responds to replicative stress, suggesting that they undergo regulation by hypoxic conditions. Here acute hypoxic stress activates the FA pathway via ubiquitination of FANCD2 and...

With an aim to categorize the animals exposed to simulated hypobaric hypoxia and to evaluate the hormonal profile responsible for individual variation in response to hypoxic stress, degree of tolerance to hypobaric hypoxia was measured by exposing the animals to a simulated altitude of 10,668 m at 32 degrees C and animals were categorized as low and high tolerant groups based on their gasping t...

Nonsense-mediated RNA decay (NMD) rapidly degrades both mutated mRNAs and nonmutated cellular mRNAs in what is thought to be a constitutive fashion. Here we demonstrate that NMD is inhibited in hypoxic cells and that this inhibition is dependent on phosphorylation of the alpha subunit of eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2alpha). eIF2alpha phosphorylation is known to promote translational and ...

Ecosystem-level effects of stressors are critical to understanding community regulation, and environmental stress models are useful in describing such effects. Hypoxia is an important stressor in aquatic ecosystems that usually decreases abundance and biomass of benthic fauna. In field surveys, predator abundance is low in hypoxic areas, and in lab experiments, predators reduce their feeding ra...

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are germline-encoded innate immune receptors that recognize invading micro-organisms and induce immune and inflammatory responses. Deregulation of TLRs is known to be closely linked to various immune disorders and inflammatory diseases. Cells at sites of inflammation are exposed to hypoxic stress, which further aggravates inflammatory processes. We have examined if hy...