iniencephaly is a rare kind of neural tube defect that is classified into two types of iniencephaly apertus and iniencephaly clausus. this anomaly could be diagnosed prenatally by obstetric ultrasonography and terminated by therapeutic abortion; however, it could be undiagnosed until birth similar to our case due to the abnormal position of the fetus or lack of experience of the sonographer. du...

Five new ichneumon wasp species are described from South Africa: Campoplex baal sp. n., diablo mephisto Casinaria brachycera n. and Hyposoter nanodraco An updated identification key to the Afrotropical is given. Dusona miranda (Szépligeti, 1908) first reported Kenya, hitherto unknown male described. anomala (Seyrig, 1935) Ethiopia, Charops electrinus Vas, 2020 reunionis (Benoit, 1957) Africa.

obstacles in the way ofJews but Scottish universities and medical schools were more enlightened and tolerant. During the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, some 60 Jewish students (Scottish as well as from Portugal, the West Indies, and America) obtained a Scottish medical qualification. Persecution of the Jews in eastern Europe at the end of the nineteenth century led to major emigrations, c...