Using a shock tube to generate shock waves, the wave patterns through several bifurcated junctions were studied. The effect of roughness was simulated by introducing grooves on the lower wall of the junctions, while the upper wall had a smooth surface. Five different bifurcation angles were used in the present study: 0, 30, 45, 60, and 90 degrees. The shock tube driver pressure was P4 = 12 bar,...

in this paper, we aresupposed to introduce the definitions of n-fold commutative, andimplicative hyper k-ideals. these definitions are thegeneralizations of the definitions of commutative, andimplicative hyper k-ideals, respectively, which have been definedin [12]. then we obtain some related results. in particular wedetermine the relationships between n-fold implicative hyperk-ideal and n-fold...

In this paper we discuss 3D rendering as a solution to the line crossing problem associated with using connecting lines for illustrating relations in visual programming. The Bezier tube was introduced for modeling connecting lines in general and hyperedges in specific and an algorithm is given for laying out hyper-edges. 3D hyperedges are shown to have features that enhance their readability ov...

contralateral pneumothorax crossing the midline in a patient with autopneumonectomy can mimic bilateral pneumothoraces on chest radiography. in this study, we report a rare case of right pneumothorax mimicking bilateral pneumothoraces in a patient with left autopneumonectomy. a 37-year-old man complained of progressive chest pain and dyspnea. the initial chest radiography revealed visible visce...

Snakelike robots have been employed in applications ranging from search-and-rescue to minimally invasive surgical procedures, and may yet find new applications in maintaining civil infrastructure and the repair of satellites. This paper reviews how variational methods have been used previously to analyze three classes of snakelike robots: (1) hyper-redundant manipulators guided by backbone curv...

Abstract Background Spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) fistulas occur due to various reasons other than well-identified causes such as trauma, neoplasia or infection. Various contributory factors are attributed formation of spontaneous CSF leaks idiopathic intracranial hypertension leading prominent arachnoid granulations. Further, presence hyper-pneumatized paranasal sinuses the skull base ...

in this note we consider the notion of intuitionistic fuzzy (weak) dual hyper k-ideals and obtain related results. then we classify this notion according to level sets. after that we determine the relationships between intuitionistic fuzzy (weak) dual hyper k-ideals and intuitionistic fuzzy (weak) hyper k-ideals. finally, we define the notion of the product of two intuitionistic fuzzy (weak) du...

An evaluation of voluntary prenatal screening for neural tube defects with serum alphafetoprotein (s-AFP) is presented. During a three year period, there were 52 fetuses with neural lesions. Of 46 mothers who bore a fetus with an open neural lesion, 25 were detected, of whom 23 agreed to the termination of their pregnancies. An unscreened group of 2331 mothers (17% of all deliveries) produced 1...