This work has developed techniques for studying the mechanism by which a hydrate growth inhibitor, i.e. poly(vinylpyrro1idone) (PVP), acts. The topology of a series of (111) faces of the type I1 clathrate hydrate, the postulated growth plane, have been studied in detail and used to calculate hydrogen-bond energy surfaces. N-Ethylpyrrolidone (NEP), the monomeric unit, has been used to sample ads...

Natural gas hydrates are solid hydrogen-bonded water crystals containing small molecular gases. The amount of natural gas stored as hydrates in permafrost and ocean sediments is twice that of all other fossil fuels combined. However, hydrate blockages also hinder oil/gas pipeline transportation, and, despite their huge potential as energy sources, our insufficient understanding of hydrates has ...

In recent years, certain anesthetics have been shown to have protective effects against acute inflammation in experimental animals, an observation that may yield new options for adjunctive treatment of acute inflammation. In this study, we investigated the effects of chloral hydrate (CH) on the acute inflammatory response in BALB/c mice using lipopolysaccharide/D-galactosamine (LPS/D-GalN)-indu...

We evaluated ketoprofen, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), as an antinociceptive supplement to chloral hydrate anesthesia in mouse. Effects of ketoprofen on main olfactory bulb (MOB) neuronal spontaneous activity were investigated using extracellular recordings in mouse in vivo. These effects were compared with those of another nociceptive supplement, the mu-opioid agonist buprenor...

Gas hydrate growth kinetics was studied at a pressure of 90 bars to investigate the effect of temperature, initial water content, stirring rate, and reactor size in stirred semi-batch autoclave reactors. The mixing energy during hydrate growth was estimated by logging the power consumed. The theoretical model by Garcia-Ochoa and Gomez for estimation of the mass transfer parameters in stirred ta...

Interest in describing clathrate hydrate formation mechanisms spans multiple fields of science and technical applications. Here, we report findings from multiple molecular dynamics simulations of spontaneous methane clathrate hydrate nucleation and growth from fully demixed and disordered two-phase fluid systems of methane and water. Across a range of thermodynamic conditions and simulation geo...

Patients who undergo thoracic aortic surgery with deep hypothermia frequently have postoperative respiratory failure as a complication. Severe lung injury in these patients results in a fatal outcome. A specific neutrophil elastase inhibitor, sivelestat sodium hydrate, is an innovative therapeutic drug for acute lung injury. We evaluated the protective effects of sivelestat sodium hydrate on se...

Abstract Hydrate control research is of great significance to the efficient development deepwater gas wells. A well intervention wellbore hydrate suppression experimental device was built simulate field operation and monitor generation in kettle real time. The physical simulation experiments were conducted for injection concentration, volume, rate glycol inhibitor different working conditions o...

Gas hydrate blockage is a major issue that the production and transportation processes in oil/gas industry faces. The formation of gas hydrates pipelines results significant financial losses serious safety risks. To tackle flow assurance issues caused by pipelines, some physical methods chemical inhibitors are applied industry. techniques involve subjecting to thermal heating depressurization. ...

We have used small-angle neutron scattering to characterize the polymer conformations of four nonionic water soluble polymers: poly~ethylene oxide!, poly~N-vinyl-2-pyrollidone!, poly~N-vinyl-2-caprolactam!, and an N-methyl, N-vinylacetamide/N-vinyl-2-caprolactam copolymer. The last three of these are able to kinetically suppress hydrate crystallization, and their inhibitor activity ranges from ...