OBJECTIVE To determine the incidence of pre invasive and invasive cervical lesions and also cost- effectiveness of Pap smears in Kermanshah, Iran (2004-2007). METHODS A descriptive, cross sectional study was performed between March 2004-March 2007 with all cytological smears analyzed according to the Bethesda II system. Efficacy was estimated as the ratio of HSIL and invasive carcinomas detec...

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE Cervical cancer is a serious public health problem in Brazil. For patients with unsatisfactory colposcopic examinations without visible lesions, but with cervical cytological tests suggesting high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL), the national recommendation is to repeat cervical cytological tests after three months. Our aim was to assess the prevalence of HSIL...

This study develops a spectroscopic algorithm for detection of cervical high grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSILs). We collected reflectance and fluorescence spectra with the quantitative spectroscopy probe to measure nine spectroscopic parameters from 43 patients undergoing standard colposcopy with directed biopsy. We found that there is improved accuracy for distinguishing HSIL from ...

The study aim is to compare anal intraepithelial neoplasia (AIN) progression and regression rates in a cytology inception cohort to estimates based on the subcohort referred for ≥1 high-resolution anoscopies (HRAs).A cytology-based retrospective cohort was assembled including the anal cytology histories and invasive anal cancer (IAC) outcomes of all HIV-infected adults under care between 2001 a...

BACKGROUND Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected women have a higher burden of anal high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) and anal cancer (AC) compared with HIV-uninfected women. Guidelines for AC screening in this population are heterogeneous. Here we report outcomes and risk factors for anal HSIL following implementation of universal AC screening offered to all HIV-infected...

BACKGROUND There is debate about the accuracy of anal cytology and high-resolution anoscopy (HRA), in the diagnosis of anal human papillomavirus (HPV)-related squamous intraepithelial lesions (SIL). Few studies have performed both simultaneously in a large sample of high-risk individuals. METHODS At baseline in a community-based cohort of HIV-infected and uninfected homosexual men ages ≥35 ye...

OBJECTIVES To evaluate the advantages of cytology and PCR of high-risk human papilloma virus (PCR HR-HPV) infection in biopsy-derived diagnosis of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL = AIN2/AIN3) in HIV-positive men having sex with men (MSM). METHODS This is a single-centered study conducted between May 2010 and May 2014 in patients (n = 201, mean age 37 years) recruited from ou...

BACKGROUND The study aim is to estimate sensitivity and specificity of anal cytology for histologic HSIL in analyses adjusted for the imperfect biopsy reference standard. METHODS AND PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Retrospective cohort study of an anal dysplasia screening program for HIV infected adults. We estimated the prevalence of histologic HSIL by concurrent cytology category and the associated cyto...

PURPOSE Anal intraepithelial neoplasia is associated with human papillomavirus infection and may progress to invasive squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), which is increasing in immunocompromised patients. We hypothesize that anal intraepithelial neoplasia is associated with abnormal DNA methylation and that detection of these events may be used to improve screening programs. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Se...