household food security remains a challenge in south africa. the national government instituted the integrated food security strategy (ifss) programme which identifies household agricultural production as an important element of improving household-level food security. agricultural extension is well positioned to help achieve this aim, but its current contribution is unknown. this study identif...

  Inequality, nowadays, is one of the main concerns in developmental plans and as a result expansion of basic opportunities and their fair distribution is a part and parcel of any roadmap to development. However, the economic policies of the country can inform any attempt in this regard. To estimate the extent to which such policies have impacted equal and timely access to education in Ir...

A Bi-Level Analysis of the Effect of the Household SES and the Provincial Level of Development on Academic Deprivation among Iranian Children M. Amiri Academic deprivation (AD) among school age Iranian children is a major problem as many of them fail to go or continue to go to school for a variety of reasons.  This deprivation could be a function of factors at both the family...

Migration, conventionally, being an important part of demography, is least studied as compared to fertility and mortality. Due to decreasing birth and death rate, migration (internal or international) has become a more important concern for demographers and other social scientists.Since probability models provide concise and clear representations of extensive data sets in a better way (Aryal, 2...

Food security—the assured access of all people to enough food for a healthy and active life—is the focus of considerable policy and research attention. This paper examines the relationship between both household and contextual characteristics and food security among households with elementary school children in Wisconsin, using new data from a self-administered survey sent home to parents. We f...

The efficiency of centralized delivery services over a backbone network in comparison to that of localized or multiple individual trips from the perspective of the overall carbon footprint is a fundamental subject of the analysis of logistical systems. In this paper, we quantify the changes in overall efficiency due to such services by looking at “household-level” economies of scale in transpor...