adenoviruses are used extensively to deliver genes into mammalian cells, particularly where there is a requirement for high-level expression of transgene products in cultured cells, or for use as recombinant viral vaccines or in gene therapy. in spite of their usefulness, the construction of adenoviral vectors (adv) is a cumbersome and lengthy process that is not readily amenable to the generat...

background: the homologous recombination (hr) is one of the conventional cloning methods for the production of recombinant dna. it is a quick method for in vivo dna cloning without using the high cost restriction enzymes. a few modifications in the cloning procedure can increase the efficiency of this method. m aterials and methods: in this study, effect of heating on the rate of the igg1 heavy...

DNA damage causes chromosomal instability leading to oncogenesis, apoptosis, and severe failure of cell functions. The DNA repair system includes base excision repair, nucleotide excision repair, mismatch repair, translesion replication, non-homologous end-joining, and recombinational repair. Homologous recombination performs the recombinational repair. The gene is an ortholog of , and the gene...

Broken DNA can be repaired by homologous recombination mechanisms, which initially align both ends of a DNA double-strand break (DSB) with a homologous repair template. Particularly in the context of a crowded eukaryotic nucleus, it remains mysterious how the two ends of a broken DNA molecule coordinate their actions to identify an appropriate template and initiate repair. In this issue, Brown ...

In mammalian cells, chromosomal double-strand breaks are efficiently repaired, yet little is known about the relative contributions of homologous recombination and illegitimate recombination in the repair process. In this study, we used a loss-of-function assay to assess the repair of double-strand breaks by homologous and illegitimate recombination. We have used a hamster cell line engineered ...

Repair of DNA interstrand crosslinks requires action of multiple DNA repair pathways, including homologous recombination. Here, we report a de novo heterozygous T131P mutation in RAD51/FANCR, the key recombinase essential for homologous recombination, in a patient with Fanconi anemia-like phenotype. In vitro, RAD51-T131P displays DNA-independent ATPase activity, no DNA pairing capacity, and a c...

Bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) technology has contributed immensely to manipulation of larger genomes in many organisms including large DNA viruses like human cytomegalovirus (HCMV). The HCMV BAC clone propagated and maintained inside E. coli allows for accurate recombinant virus generation. Using this system, we have generated a panel of HCMV deletion mutants and their rescue clones. In...

Mitotic cells experience double-strand breaks (DSBs) from both exogenous and endogenous sources. Since unrepaired DSBs can result in genome rearrangements or cell death, cells mobilize multiple pathways to repair the DNA damage. In the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, mitotic cells preferentially use a homologous recombination repair pathway. However, when no significant homology to the DSB ends...

In mammalian cells, the repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) occurs by both homologous and non-homologous mechanisms. Indirect evidence, including that from gene targeting and random integration experiments, had suggested that non-homologous mechanisms were significantly more frequent than homologous ones. However, more recent experiments indicate that homologous recombination is also a pr...

The following review presents a problem of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer and its association with germline or somatic mutations in homologous recombination repair (HRR). In 2020, olaparib was approved the Russian Federation as monotherapy for genes involved DNA by recombination, after progression on therapy new hormonal drugs. We describe main clinical trials assessing efficac...