The user’s handoff is still an arguable issue that many mobile communication systems face, especially with the exploded growth of users and internet-based applications. There a critical need for adequate quality service (QoS) to meet stringent requirements. This paper aims study overall performance feasibility several QoS mechanisms single-homed multi-homed networks/nodes fluctuating resource a...

Navigation, the ability to reach desired goal locations, is critical for animals and humans. Animal navigation has been studied extensively in birds, insects, and some marine vertebrates and invertebrates, yet we are still far from elucidating the underlying mechanisms in other taxonomic groups, especially mammals. Here we report a systematic study of the mechanisms of long-range mammalian navi...

When dogs and cats are not retained in a home, they are re-homed to somewhere, and while there is a collection of research around relinquishment to shelters, little is known about the general re-homing picture. A cross sectional random digit dial survey was conducted with an aim to learn more about who is re-homing, where they are re-homing and why they are re-homing owned dogs and cats in the ...

Currently IP addresses are used both for node identifiers and topological location names in the Internet. The semantic overloading and non-cryptographic nature of IP addresses makes it impossible to use them as identifiers from the security point of view. The problem becomes even worse with multi-homed mobile nodes. Multi-homed mobile nodes have several interfaces bound to dynamically changing ...

It is unclear where within tissues subsets of effector and memory CD8 T cells persist during viral infection and whether their localization affects function and long-term survival. Following lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection, we found most killer cell lectin-like receptor G1 (KLRG1)(lo)IL-7R(hi) effector and memory cells, which are long-lived and high proliferative capacity, in the T...

For seabird species, the presence of conspecifics in a crowded breeding colony can obstruct locally available orientation cues. Thus, navigation to specific locations can present a challenging problem. We investigated short-range orientation in King Penguin (Aptenodytes patagonicus) chicks that live in a large and densely populated colony. The two main objectives were to determine whether chick...

We investigate how a customer (an enterprise or a large organization), when facing a percentile-based pricing policy, can optimally balance the Internet access cost and the traffic buffering delay penalty by traffic regulation. The problem is referred to as the Optimal Traffic Regulation (OTR) problem. Solutions to various cases of the OTR problem are provided. For a customer with a single-home...

We have previously demonstrated that we could separate long-term repopulating stem cells from cells that provided radioprotection (short-term repopulating cells) on the basis of size and suggested that this might be due to the quiescent nature of long-term repopulating cells. To further define the activity of these populations, we used a dye (PKH26), which incorporates into the membrane of cell...

Human hemopoietic stem cells (HSC) have been shown to engraft, differentiate, and proliferate in the hemopoietic tissues of sublethally irradiated NOD/LtSZ scid/scid (NOD/SCID) mice. We used this model to study homing, survival, and expansion of human HSC populations from different sources or phenotype. We observed that CD34+ cells homed specifically to bone marrow (BM) and spleen, but by 3 day...