in assessing foreign language writing, holistic and analytic scoring can be used to measure a variety of discourse and linguistic features. this study aimed to investigate the possible significant effect of analyt- ic and holistic assessments on improving writing skill among iranian efl learners. for this purpose, two groups of intermediate efl learners, after being homogenized, were divided in...

BACKGROUND Previous research has shown that object recognition may develop well into late childhood and adolescence. The present study extends that research and reveals novel differences in holistic and analytic recognition performance in 7-12 year olds compared to that seen in adults. We interpret our data within a hybrid model of object recognition that proposes two parallel routes for recogn...

English language practitioners have long relied on intuition-based scales for rating EFL/ESL writing. As these scales lack an empirical basis, the scores they generate tend to be unreliable, which results in invalid interpretations. Given the significance of the genre of description and the fact that the relevant literature does not introduce any data-based analytic scales for rating EFL descri...

the favorable gains gleaned from the provision of pre-task planning time (ptp) have struck a chord with sla researchers as they try to manipulate task features to promote language production and development. in a similar vein, the present study is a two-fold attempt to first compare the effect of the length of pre-task planning time on discourse-analytic measures in narrative written production...

Hs olistic ratings lack sufficient information to measure candidates with the accuracy required for high-stakes certification examinations . When examiners make only one holistic rating ofcandidate performance, decisions about candidate ability are conumed with measurement error. Holistic ratings also make it impossible to determine the basis for the examiners' ratings, and to separate examiner...

Assessing argumentative writing skills is not a straightforward task, as multiple elements need to be considered. In function of providing feedback students and keeping track their progress, evaluating texts in suitable, valid efficient way important. this state-of-the-art exploratory study, 130 written by eleventh graders were assessed means three different rating procedures (i.e., absolute ho...