Due to the effective role of Markov models in customer relationship management (CRM), there is a lack of comprehensive literature review which contains all related literatures. In this paper the focus is on academic databases to find all the articles that had been published in 2011 and earlier. One hundred articles were identified and reviewed to find direct relevance for applying Markov models...

The hidden Markov model (HMM), used with Gaussian Process (GP) as an emission model, has been widely to sequential data in complex form. This study introduces the hybrid Bayesian HMM GP using SM kernel (HMM-GPSM) estimate state of each time-series observation, that is, sequentially observed from a single channel. We then propose scalable inference method train HMM-GPSM large-scale sequences dat...

Background: Since psychological tests such as questionnaire or drawing tests are almost qualitative, their results carry a degree of uncertainty and sometimes subjectivity. The deficiency of all drawing tests is that the assessment is carried out after drawing the objects and lots of information such as pen angle, speed, curvature and pressure are missed through the test. In other words, the ps...

Sign language recognition has spawned more and more interest in human–computer interaction society. The major challenge that SLR recognition faces now is developing methods that will scale well with increasing vocabulary size with a limited set of training data for the signer independent application. The automatic SLR based on hidden Markov models (HMMs) is very sensitive to gesture's shape inf...

In music information retrieval (MIR), beat tracking is one of the most fundamental tasks. To obtain this critical component from rhythmic signals, a previous system hidden Markov model (HMM) with recurrent neural network (RNN) observer was developed. Although frequency quite stable, existing HMM based methods do not take feature into account. Accordingly, states in these HMM-based are redundant...

In this work, we conducted an empirical comparative study of the performance text-independent speaker verification in emotional and stressful environments. This work combined deep models with shallow architecture, which resulted novel hybrid classifiers. Four distinct were utilized: neural network-hidden Markov model (DNN-HMM), network-Gaussian mixture (DNN-GMM), Gaussian model-deep network (GM...