This article is about practices of borrowing and lending money in the context Georgian bazaar trade. While many anthropological studies focus on debtors or individual moneylenders, this starts from perspective microcredit experts, who grant loans to traders behalf their companies thereby engage complex relationships. Borrowing a institution consists an administrative act, which sealed by formal...

the aim of this paper is to investigate the bazaars and shopping centers as public spaces. given theweakness of public places and consequently the weakness of social interactions, today’s societies are in dire need ofsocial spaces to increase social interactions. therefore, the review of these two as then and now’s urban spaces couldhelp solve some problems. bazaars are among the oldest iranian...

In Puri town and district and throughout Orissa, cholera shows itself year after 37ear regularly over a defined area, and from this " infected focus" the disease invades the same bazaars and villages, leaving the greater part of the district untouched. The usual course of the disease is intimately connected with the pilgrimages. In Orissa, cholera is more 01 less endemic from January to August,...

The concept of the Knowledge Bazaar as a paradigm for the development of Expert Systems, whereby knowledge bases are created dynamically using knowledge supplied by self appointed Internet communities is proposed. The idea espouses the creation of individual Knowledge Bazaars, operating in specific domains, but all operating through a generic Knowledge Bazaar XML Web application. Issues address...

in traditional bazaars social interactions, parallel to economic and movement interactions, created a mixed urban space which was dynamic, lively and attractive to the audience. however, modern shopping centers and shopping malls are economy focused and void of variety of urban spaces like traditional bazaars. the presence of public open spaces and urban squares undetectable from traditional ba...

“Bazaar” is a Persian word from the language of Iranians of 2500 years ago which has entered the languages of other countries. “Bazaar”, the trading or marketing place with the architectural principles and concerns, was formed in Iran because of the long experience of marketing. This has become a valuable inheritance of Islamic ideological civilization and Iranian advanced architecture and a mo...