centuries (C.B. Schmitt); science in the early Royal Society (M.D. Hall); science and religion in the seventeenth century (P.M. Rattansi); the growth of Netherlands science in the seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries (W. D. Hackmann); the rise and fall of Scottish science (J. R. R. Christie); scientific careers in eighteenth-century France (R. Hahn); the development of a professional care...

This study explored how historians with different background knowledge read a series of primary source documents. Two university-based historians thought aloud as they read documents about Abraham Lincoln and the question of slavery, with the broad goal of understanding Lincoln’s views on race. The first historian brought detailed content knowledge to the documents; the second historian was fam...