version goes dangerously astray: in ch.9, the Elders (sic) are not a specific group but merely older physicians as contrasted with the youthful Galen. Yet, given the editor's unfamiliarity with Greek and with the institutions of the Greek world, such errors of English translation are remarkably few, and the alert Galenist will be able with a little thought to work out the words of Galen that li...

version goes dangerously astray: in ch.9, the Elders (sic) are not a specific group but merely older physicians as contrasted with the youthful Galen. Yet, given the editor's unfamiliarity with Greek and with the institutions of the Greek world, such errors of English translation are remarkably few, and the alert Galenist will be able with a little thought to work out the words of Galen that li...

medieval Italian town physicians, who, initially at least, had no duties of supervising and licensing subordinate practitioners, such as pharmacists, and no remit for inspecting public hygiene (unlike the office of the hisba within Islam, as shown by Ghada Karmi). Indeed, the drift of the articles by Vivian Nutton and Richard Palmer is that there is almost an inverse relationship between medica...