in the logic section of the hikmat al-ishraq (the philosophy of illumination), suhrawardi innovatively makes the three modes (necessity, possibility and impossibility) part of the predicate, thus considering the mode of all propositions to be ‘necessary’. insofar as the modes are also discussed in other topics in logic such as contradiction, conversion and syllogism, this innovation also influe...

The wisdom of Israel is linked to its mission. Another unique thing that which usually associated with divine power, intellect, spirituality, practical skills, and the meaning life apparently also missions for all nations. as God's chosen nation a royal priesthood carries out noble task fulfill His promise Abraham his descendants will be blessing tribes. In carrying these responsibilities, need...

The so-called " Yunani Hikmat," or the old Greek system of medicine as practised in India, though very imperfect and irrational in many points, is not altogether so absurd as those unacquainted with it hold it to be. No one can deny for a moment the immense superiority of the present European medical science over the old rudiments : nor can any one ever think of adhering to some of the old teac...

search for the cup of jamshid from me, years my heart made. and for what it possessed, from a stranger, entreaty made. a jewel that is beyond the shell of existence and of time, from those lost on the shore of the sea, search it made. last night, i took my difficulty to the pir of the magians. who, by strengthening of sight, the solving of sublety made. him, happy, laughing, wine-goblet in hand...

This study discusses the way in determining ‘illat through munasabah method proposed by Imam al-Ghazali perspective of Islamic law. The focuses on two main problems: identification and legal formulation to utilize hikmat obtain according al-Ghazali. normative research used a history approach as an analytical tool examine scholars’ thoughts concepts, theories ways doing istinbath. concluded that...

Abstract. This article examines two issues in Ecclesiastes 12:12, namely making (many) books and learning. “Learning”and“writing practice”areprevalent thought literature the Ancient Near East. Qohelet's perspective, particularly related to “writing books”and“learning,”is a genre of wisdom that can be easily found corpus Old Testament Wisdom Literature books. The imperative form intention Qohele...