To assess differences in exposure to air pollution from traffic in relation to degree of urbanization and traffic density, we measured personal and home outdoor nitrogen dioxide (NO(2)) concentrations for 241 children from six different primary schools in the Netherlands. Three schools were situated in areas with varying degrees of urbanization (very urban, fairly urban, and nonurban) and three...

This paper investigates the costs of controlling some of the environmental impacts of motor vehicle transportation on groundwater and on surface waters. We estimate that annualized costs of cleaning-up leaking underground storage tanks range from $0.8 billion to $2.1 billion per year over ten years. Annualized costs of controlling highway runoff from principal arterials in the US are much large...

Environmental studies of motor vehicles typically focus on air pollution or noise, but ignore water pollution. In this paper, we examine some of the impacts of motor vehicle transportation on non-point source and on groundwater pollution. Our estimates of the present value of costs for cleaning up leaking underground storage tanks and for controlling highway runoff for major arterials range fro...

The city of Zarghan is located 25 km northeast of Shiraz, southern Iran. Zarghan is affected by numerous pollution sources such as oil refinery, an industrial park, and Shiraz-Tehran highway. The numerous contaminating sources around Zarghan can cause serious local air pollution. Sulfur dioxide gas is an important index of air pollution in cities. Therefore, in order to control and manage Zargh...

Soil samples were collected with distance at 5, 20, 40, 80, 160, and 320 m from the Shen-Ha (Shenyang-Harbin) Highway, Northeast China, to investigate the effect of heavy metals of highway origin on soil nematode guilds. The contents of soil Pb, Cu, Zn, and the nematode community structure were analyzed. The results showed that the contents of total and available Pb, Cu, Zn varied significantly...

Noise is one of the environmental pollutant that is encountered in daily life. Noise pollution has become a major concern of communities living in the vicinity of major highway corridors. In view of the rapid development it is essential to study highway noise with respect to various causative factors. In the present paper a road traffic noise prediction model for Indian conditions is developed ...

T amount of pollution that a vehicle emits and the rate at which it consumes fuel are dependent on many factors. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has developed a series of computer models that estimate the average emissions for different types of highway vehicles. This fact sheet is one of a series on highway vehicle emission factors. It presents average annual emissions and fuel ...

Dust storm is one of the criteria for air pollution, and pollution by Heavy Metal(HM) is one of the major environmental problems in the world. The objective of the present study was to assess some of HMs concentrations in the leaves and bark of cypress and atmospheric falling dust along the Yazd highway, Yazd Province, Iran. The total concentrations of cadmium (Cd), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), ni...