urban expansion and agriculture intensification are relevant drivers in land degradation (ld)processes in europe due to net loss of land, soil sealing, landscape fragmentation and other negative effects on the environment. this paper explores changes (or “trajectories” of change) in land use and cover (lulc) and their relationship with the consumption of soils in emilia-romagna (northern italy)...

For attribute data with (very) low rates of defectives, attractive control charts can be based on the maximum of subsequent groups of r failure times, for some suitable r ≥ 1, like r = 5. Such charts combine good performance with often highly needed robustness, as they allow a nonparametric adaptation already for Phase I samples of ordinary size. In the present paper we address the problem of e...

For attribute data with (very) small failure rates often control charts are used which decide whether to stop or to continue each time r failures have occurred, for some r ≥ 1. Because of the small probabilities involved, such charts are very sensitive to estimation effects. This is true in particular if the underlying failure rate varies and hence the distributions involved are not geometric. ...

Good control charts for high quality processes are often based on the number of successes between failures. Geometric charts are simplest in this respect, but slow in recognizing moderately increased failure rates p. Improvement can be achieved by waiting until r > 1 failures have occurred, i.e. by using negative binomial charts. In this paper we analyze such charts in some detail. On the basis...

For attribute data with (very) small failure rates control charts were introduced which are based on subsequent groups of r failure times, for some r ≥ 1. Within this family, it was shown to be attractive to stop once the maximum of such a group is sufficiently small, because this choice allows a very satisfactory nonparametric adaptation. The question we address here is whether a cumulative ap...