abstract— due to the daily mass production and the widespread variation of medical x-ray images, it is necessary to classify these for searching and retrieving proposes, especially for content-based medical image retrieval systems. in this paper, a medical x-ray image hierarchical classification structure based on a novel merging and splitting scheme and using shape and texture features is prop...

Many hierarchical techniques to solve large Markov decision processes (MDPs) are based on the partition of the state space into strongly connected components (SCCs) that can be classified into some levels. In each level, smaller problems named restricted MDPs are solved, and then these partial solutions are combined to obtain the global solution. In this paper, we first propose a novel algorith...

We consider the problem of assigning level numbers (weights) to hierarchically organized categories during the process of text categorization. These levels control the ability of the categories to attract documents during the categorization process. The levels are adjusted in order to obtain a balance between recall and precision for each category. If a category's recall exceeds its precision, ...

The historical biogeography of freshwater fish helminth parasites is linked to speciation. It is well recognized and documented that bursts of speciation are often limited to certain periods of geological time (Eldredge & Gould 1972; Gould & Eldredge; 1977, Gould, 2002; Hoberg & Brooks, 2008) and is highly dependent on the space in which it occurs (Brooks & McLennan, 2002; Hoberg & Brooks, 2008...

alkaline waste spoils [4]). Some argue that the increase in hard surfaces in cities represents a replication of many of the key features of natural habitat templates [7] found in unproductive rocky areas [5,8,9]. Urban habitats probably provide a continuum of selective novelty, from remnant natural habitats or anthropogenic analogs of other habitats to wholly novel environments. Such research c...

Hierarchical organizations of information processing in the brain networks have been known to exist and widely studied. To find proper hierarchical structures in the macaque brain, the traditional methods need the entire pairwise hierarchical relationships between cortical areas. In this paper, we present a new method that discovers hierarchical structures of macaque brain networks by using par...