Different approaches to measure the hospital competition index might lead to inconsistent results of the effects of hospital competition on innovation adoption. The purpose of this study is to adopt a different approach to define market area and measure the level of competition to examine whether hospital competition has a positive effect on hospital behavior, taking quality indicator projects ...

Many risk, inequality, poverty and concentration measures are extremely sensitive to outliers, dependence, heterogeneity and heavy tails. In this paper we focus on robust measurement of risk, inequality, poverty and concentration under heterogeneity, dependence and heavy-tailedness of largely unknown form using the recent results on t−statistic based heterogeneity and correlation robust inferen...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE The efficiency and function of the pharmaceutical sector, as a vital portion of the health system, have a significant effect on intermediate and final indices of health. In this research, the structure of the pharmaceutical market in Iran was examined through the calculation of concentration indices in 2011. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, the needed data was g...

This paper investigates the pricing of patented traits in the U.S. hybrid corn seed market under imperfect competition. In a multiproduct context, we first examine how substitution/complementarity relationships among products can affect pricing. This is used to motivate multi-product generalizations of the Herfindahl-Hirschman index (GHHI) capturing cross-market effects of imperfect competition...

Abstract Over several decades, the Vietnamese government has increasingly cut its investment in public higher education system and also introduced a cost-sharing mechanism. Under this scheme, universities have been seeking other sources of revenue. Despite bold emphasis on need for revenue diversification Vietnam, there is little empirical evidence status quo finance. The purpose paper was to f...

The paper examines the impact of marketing segmentation practices on the performance of selected Nigerian commercial banks in the post consolidation era 2005 to date. Data employed were mainly secondary while the research design was exploratory in nature relating such basic variables as market segmentation practices of market share; pricing and geographical branch location to performance. Stati...