Sulfur is an indispensable element for plants. It is found in sulfur-containing amino acids, cysteine and methionine, and in various other important biochemical components and processes. Inhibitors of sulfur assimilation, or cysteine and methionine synthesis, could be potential herbicides. In the present paper, the sulfur assimilation pathway in plants is described, followed by the introduction...

The title compound, C(10)H(8)BrCl(2)NO(2), is a target mol-ecule in our research on herbicide safeners. The oxazine ring has an envelope conformation, with puckering parameters close to ideal values [Q = 0.498 (3) Å, θ = 53.7 (3)° and ϕ = 253.4 (4)°]. The crystal structure is stabilized by C-H⋯O, C-H⋯Cl and C-H⋯Br inter-actions.

Mefenacet, Monooxygenase, Safener, Antagonism, Induction The monooxygenase suicide inhibitor piperonyl butoxide (PBO) antagonizes the inhibitory activity of the herbicide mefenacet in a root regeneration test system with etiolated cut oat stems. When studying the behaviour of [l4C]mefenacet [2-(2-benzothiazolyloxy)-N-methylN-phenylacetamide] in cut oat stems that had been pretreated with PBO fo...

Dale L. Shaner American Cyanamid Co., P.O. Box 400, Princeton, N.J., 08543-0400 U.S.A. Z. Naturforsch. 46c, 893-896 (1991); received March 26, 1991 Maize, Imidazolinone, Safeners, Naphthalic Acid, Naphthalic Anhydride, Metabolism The tolerance of maize to root-applied imazethapyr can be increased by pretreating plants with the potassium salt of naphthalic acid (NAK). This safening effect appear...

The protective effect of herbicide safener R-28725 and chiral 3-dichloroacetyl oxazolidine safeners in reducing the phytotoxicity of chlorsulfuron to maize were studied by physiological and biochemical tests. The results showed that R-28725 and compound A [(R)-3-dichloroacetyl-2,2-dimethyl-4-ethyl-1,3-oxazolidine] could improve the GSH content, GST activity (in vivo and in vitro), ALS activity ...

The GST (EC 2.5.1.18) family of enzymes are well known for their role in the detoxification of various xenobiotic compounds in both plant and animal systems. These enzymes facilitate the addition of GSH, y-glutamylcysteinylglycine, to an electrophilic site of a suitable substrate, yielding a GSH conjugate. In maize (Zea mays), the GSH-conjugation reaction is responsible for the metabolism of se...