background: it is important to understand the efficacy of immunoregulatory materials, herbal remedies or probiotics, in different parts of immune system following vaccination with different tropism. objectives: aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of echinacea purpurea and a probiotic (protexin) on systemic and mucosal immune response in turkey. methods: a total of 288 1-day-old male tu...

in the present study, the effects of chlorella vulgaris on blood and immunological parameters of caspian salmon (salmo trutta caspius) before and after exposure to viral nervous necrosis (vnn) virus were examined. in this regard, four treatments in triplicate were chosen. groups included one control and 3treatments (t1, t2 and t3).  fish in control group, t1, t2 and t3 were fed diets supplement...

Preclinical studies have shown that the anti-glucocorticoid drug mifepristone effectively inhibits HIV replication both in vitro and in vivo. However, the drug did not demonstrate anti-HIV activity in a previous phase I/II study when administered at the daily dose of 75-225 mg. The aim of this study was to assess whether mifepristone may exert antiretroviral activity or influence immunological ...

The effects of temperature and salinity stress on hemato-immunological factors in juvenile Labeo rohita fed normal or elevated levels of tryptophan were studied. Fish were fed diets with 0.35% (control), 0.7%, or 1.4% tryptophan for 60 days, then exposed to temperature and/or salinity stress for the next 30 days with the same feeding regime. The specific growth rate (SGR) was significantly redu...

AIM The aim was to determine hemato-biochemical alterations and to determine the better treatment of theileriosis in naturally infected calves. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 74 Holstein crossbred calves below 6 months of age, of either sex were included for present investigation in Bikaner. Based on the clinical examinations and laboratory results, 20 calves included for hemato-biochemical...

OBJECTIVE The present study was carried out to investigate the potential effects of extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMF) and lead acetate on some hemato-biochemical, immune and pathologic variables in mice. METHODS A total of 90 female mice were equally divided into six groups. (Gp. 1) kept as control, (Gp. 2) exposed to EMF of 2 millitesla (mT) intensity and 50 Hz frequen...

INTRODUCTION The paucity of data on resource use in critically ill patients with hematological malignancy and on these patients' perceived poor outcome can lead to uncertainty over the extent to which intensive care treatment is appropriate. The aim of the present study was to assess the amount of intensive care resources needed for, and the effect of treatment of, hemato-oncological patients i...