Lysosomal α-D-mannosidase is an exoglycosidase involved in the ordered degradation of N-linked oligosaccharides. It is ubiquitously expressed, although the main transcript is more abundant in peripheral blood leucocytes. Here we report that α-D-mannosidase enzyme activity is very high in the promyelocytic leukaemia cell lines HL60 and NB4, as compared with other leukaemic cell lines or cells fr...

PURPOSE Integrins are heterodimeric membrane proteins, which are exposed to post translational modifications in eukaryotic cells in contrast to prokaryotic cells. These modifications provide advantages for production of proper nanobody, mono and polyclonal antibody against this surface protein and also in aptamer selection process. Since the majority of diagnostic and therapeutic antibodies, ta...

We have studied the regulation of the K-Cl cotransporter KCC1 and its functional interaction with the Na-K-Cl cotransporter. K-Cl cotransporter activity was substantially activated in HEK-293 cells overexpressing KCC1 (KCC1-HEK) by hypotonic cell swelling, 50 mM external K, and pretreatment with N-ethylmaleimide (NEM). Bumetanide inhibited 86Rb efflux in KCC1-HEK cells after cell swelling [inhi...

The gene for human involucrin (hINV) is selectively expressed in stratifying epithelial cells lining external body surfaces. Previously, we characterized the hINV promoter 5' distal regulatory region (DRR) located between nt -2473 and -2088 upstream of the transcription start site. This region is required for optimal hINV gene expression. The DRR contains weak and strong activator elements. The...

The Human Embryonic Kidney 293 cell line (HEK-293) readily lends itself to genetic manipulation and is a common tool for biologists to overexpress proteins of interest and study their function and molecular regulation. Although these cells have some limitations, such as an inability to form resistive monolayers necessary for studying transepithelial ion transport, they are nevertheless valuable...

The effect of endocytosis inhibitors on 5-hydroxytryptamine(2A) (5-HT(2A)) receptor desensitization and resensitization was examined in transiently transfected human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293 cells and in C6 glioma cells that endogenously express 5-HT(2A) receptors. In HEK-293 cells, 5-HT(2A) receptor desensitization was unaffected by cotransfection with a dominant-negative mutant of dynamin (...

Gene expression profiles were generated using cDNA microarray technology for clones of human embryonic kidney (HEK)-293 cells selected to have either high or low levels of store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE). For five high clones, three low clones, and control HEK-293 cells, duplicate Affymetrix U133A human gene arrays were run after extraction of total RNA from cells growing in the presence of se...

Transient transfection of human embryonic kidney cells (HEK 293) enables the rapid and affordable lab-scale production of recombinant proteins. In this chapter protocols for the expression and purification of both secreted and intracellular proteins using transient expression in HEK 293 cells are described.

Aim: Dexmedetomidine; it is widely used in anesthesia and intensive care. We aimed to examine compare the cytotoxic, reactive oxygen species (ROS) apoptotic effects of dexmedetomidine on kidney cells (Hek-293) vitro at two different high cumulative doses. Material Methods: The half-maximum inhibitory concentration (IC50) dose Hek-293 was determined using 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl]-2,5-diphenyl...