Sewage sludge is an important resource for the generation of electricity and heat within a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). Taking a holistic approach to such use involves considering the greenhouse gas emissions. In particular, for anaerobic sludge treatment, methane emissions are a matter of concern. Therefore, the utilization of a carbon balance, based on the chemical oxygen demand (COD), ...

the basis of the ohmic heating process is the transmission of alternating electric current through multi-phase solutions that is followed by heat generation due to particle resistance to the transmitted electric current. throughout the present study, simultaneous transfer of heat and electricity was modeled in a two-phase system of solid-liquid food to investigate the critical factors affecting...

We propose a new practical methodology for risksensitive stochastic optimal control, showing that material decreases in risk indices are possible with relatively little loss of average case performance. Cost optimisation of energy system assets has typically been carried out under the assumption of risk-neutrality, minimising average operational costs. The risk profile of control strategies is ...

Large-scale sustainable energy systems will be necessary for substantial reduction of CO2. However, large-scale implementation faces two major problems: (1) we must replace oil in the transportation sector, and (2) since today’s inexpensive and abundant renewable energy resources have fluctuating output, to increase the fraction of electricity from them, we must learn to maintain a balance betw...

e electricity supply chain is changing, due to increasing awareness for sustainability and an improved energy e›ciency. e traditional infrastructure where demand is supplied by centralized generation is subject to a transition towards a Smart Grid. In this Smart Grid, sustainable generation from renewable sources is accompanied by controllable distributed generation, distributed storage and dem...

Renewable energy sources are important for reducing carbon emission. There are many ways to integrate renewable energy into existing supply-demand chains. One way is to replace natural gas by biogas. In Meppel, a new urban area is to be equipped with a hybrid energy system with a Combined Heat and Power unit (CHP) at the heart of the system for the production of heat and electricity. The heat i...

The objective of the study is to analyse the conditions for connection of residential buildings in heat sparse areas to district heating systems in order to increase electricity production in municipal combined heat and power plants. The European electricity market has been assumed to be fully deregulated. The relation between connection of heat sparse areas, increased electricity and heat prod...

This article presents a critical analysis of all the major pathways to produce hydrogen and to utilize it as an energy carrier to generate heat or electricity. The approach taken is to make a cradle to grave analysis including the production of hydrogen, the conversion of hydrogen to heat or electricity, and finally the utilization of that heat or electricity for a useful purpose. This methodol...

In the household appliance industry, heat pump systems have been used for a long time in refrigerators and freezers to cool food, and the industry has driven the development of small, high-quality, low-price heat pump components. The low price of good quality heat pump components, along with an increased willingness by customers to pay extra for lower electricity consumption and environmental i...

Over half of the total electricity consumption is used in buildings. Air-conditioning and electric lighting are the two main resources of electricity consumption in high rise buildings. One way to reduce electricity consumption would be to limit heat gain into buildings, therefore reduce the demand for air-conditioning during hot summer months especially in hot regions. On the other hand natura...