Post merger integration (PMI) has received much attention in recent years due to an increasing number of merger and acquisitions (M&As). Process harmonization plays an important role during the PMI. The objective of this article is to define the milestones of process harmonization and develop a phase model. Nine approaches are illuminated and concluded to a process harmonization phase model. BP...

This paper deals with studies of fixed design, where comparability is feasible either for culture or for time and culture. For the time dimension, studies are divided into cross-sectional and longitudinal, and for the cultural dimension they are divided into monocultural and cross-cultural. Since modern societies are mainly organised into nation-states, cross-cultural studies are carried out mo...

Recent years have witnessed a marked increase in interest by researchers and practitioners in the concept of process harmonization. However, they fail to present performance measures to evaluate the extent of process harmonization achieved after implementing harmonization initiatives. At a process level, measures provide information to control and manage processes in order to improve them. Give...

Cancer epidemiologists have a long history of combining data sets in pooled analyses, often harmonizing heterogeneous data from multiple studies into 1 large data set. Although there are useful websites on data harmonization with recommendations and support, there is little research on best practices in data harmonization; each project conducts harmonization according to its own internal standa...

Harmonization of clinical laboratory results means that results are comparable irrespective of the measurement procedure used and where or when a measurement was made. Harmonization of test results includes consideration of pre-analytical, analytical, and post-analytical aspects. Progress has been made in each of these aspects, but there is currently poor coordination of the effort among differ...

Evidence of the acute lack of interchangeable laboratory results and consensus in current practice among clinical laboratories has underpinned greater attention to standardization and harmonization projects. Although the focus is mainly on the standardization of measurement procedures, the scope of harmonization goes beyond method and analytical results: it includes all other aspects of laborat...

This paper proposes a harmonization between a product quality model and a software process model used in the industry, CERTICS (a national Brazilian model) and CMMI-DEV (an international model). The focus of this harmonization is on the Competence Area of Continuous Improvement of CERTICS, which addresses the key question of whether the software is the result of Continuous Improvement actions o...

Nowadays harmonization of sanitary and hygienic standards of environmental quality with international standards is crucial part of integration of Russia into the international community. Harmonization of Russian and international ambient air quality standards may be realized by risk-based standards development. In this paper approaches to risk-based standards development and examples of these a...

OBJECTIVE Joint data analysis is a key requirement in medical research networks. Data are available in heterogeneous formats at each network partner and their harmonization is often rather complex. The objective of our paper is to provide a generic approach for the harmonization process in research networks. We applied the process when harmonizing data from three sites for the Lung Cancer Pheno...