A 30 year old female patient diagnosed as acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) with hand mirror like configuration of lymphoblastic-lymphocytic cells is reported. Although the leukemia was resistant to conventional chemotherapeutic regimens, the patient always looked well and survived for more than 20 months. Surface marker analysis showed that the cell was non-T, non-B, and not reactive to antis...

Mirror therapy is one of the promising rehabilitation therapeutic interventions but the neural basis of the therapeutic effect remains unknown. It has been reported that the 20-Hz rhythmic activity is induced in the primary motor cortex after median nerve stimulation and the amount of the induced activity is decreased when the primary motor cortex is activated. In the present study, to elucidat...

OBJECTIVE To delineate the changes in corticospinal excitability when individuals are asked to exercise their hand using observation, motor imagery, voluntary exercise, and exercise with a mirror. METHOD The participants consisted of 30 healthy subjects and 30 stroke patients. In healthy subjects, the amplitudes and latencies of motor evoked potential (MEP) were obtained using seven condition...

OBJECTIVE To identify neural networks associated with the use of a mirror to superimpose movement of 1 hand on top of a nonmoving contralateral hand (often referred to as mirror therapy or mirror-induced visual illusion). DESIGN A functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study of mirror-induced visual illusion of hand movements using a blocked design in a 1.5T magnetic resonance imaging s...

No previous study has simultaneously examined body ownership and agency in healthy subjects during mirror self-observation. We used a moving rubber hand illusion to examine how both body ownership and agency are affected by seeing (i) the body moving in a mirror, compared with (ii) directly viewing the moving hand, and (iii) seeing a visually identical hand rotated by 180°. We elicited ownershi...

Co-activation of both hemispheres seems to play a critical role in the generation of mirror movements, involuntary muscle contractions opposite to voluntary movements of one hand. The relationship between handedness und mirror movements is unclear. We measured repetitive grip force changes performed at slow and fast frequencies with the active hand and recorded mirror activity in the opposite i...