We theoretically examine the spin-transfer torque in the presence of spin-orbit interaction (SOI) at impurities in a ferromagnetic metal on the basis of linear response theory. We obtained, in addition to the usual spin-transfer torque, a new contributioin ∼ jSH ·∇n in the first order in SOI, where jSH is the spin Hall current driven by an external electric field. This is a reaction to inverse ...

Scanning Hall Probe Microscopy (SHPM) is a scanning probe microscopy technique developed to observe and image magnetic fields locally. This method is based on application of the Hall Effect, supplied by a micro hall probe attached to the end of cantilever as a sensor.  SHPM provides direct quantitative information on the magnetic state of a material and can also image magnetic induction under a...

We propose the two formalisms for obtaining the noncommutative spacetime in a magnetic field. One is the first-order formalism and the other is the second-order formalism. Although the noncommutative spacetime is realized manifestly in the first-order formalism, the second-order formalism would be more useful for calculating the physical quantities in the noncommutative geometry than the first-...

Electromagnetic duality between the Aharonov-Bohm and the Aharonov-Casher quantum mechanical phases predicts the existence of a new collective state of matter which can be regarded as a spin dual to the fractional quantum Hall effect. The state, induced by electric fields, is driven by effective spin-spin interactions. We derive experimental and materials conditions of spin-spin interactions an...

 * Industrial Research Institute for Automation and Measurements, al. Jerozolimskie 202, 02-486 Warsaw, Poland; [email protected], [email protected], ** Institute of Electronic Materials Technology, Wolczynska 133, 01-919 Warsaw, Poland, [email protected], *** Institute of Metrology and Biomedical Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, sw. Andrzeja Boboli 8, 05-525 Warsaw...

Scanning Hall Probe Microscopy (SHPM) is a scanning probe microscopy technique developed to observe and image magnetic fields locally. This method is based on application of the Hall Effect, supplied by a micro hall probe attached to the end of cantilever as a sensor.  SHPM provides direct quantitative information on the magnetic state of a material and can also image magnetic induction under a...

This paper deals with the homogenization of the Hall effect in three-dimensional composites. We prove that the homogenized Hall coefficients are bounded from above by means of prescribed bounds on the local conductivity and the local Hall coefficient. Then, three microstructures of different nature are presented in order to show that arbitrarily large effective Hall coefficients may be obtained...