Improving the quality of care has been an NHS priority for many years and many guidance documents have been published, such as the Department of Health’s Patient and Public Involvement in the New NHS1 and Signposts from NHS Wales, which includes many practical examples of good practice2. The Kennedy report following the Bristol inquiry also highlighted the need to ensure that ‘the perspective o...

Studies on experts' understanding of the public have mainly focused on the views of scientists. We add to the literature on constructions of the public by analyzing the views of decision-makers, professional science communicators and scientists involved in 'space' communication on the public and public participation in policy. Findings show that contextual situations and roles determine the way...

Existing research divides online community participants into two separate groups: posters, who publicly participate in the community’s activities, and lurkers, who read but do not post or respond to ongoing conversations. The current study expands the concept of participation patterns in online communities from the standard binary distinction to a broader perspective of participation behaviors....

community participation, as one of the basic components of sustainable development in a community. this study aimed to determine patterns of community participation, identify factors associated with their social and civic engagement, and examine the relation between the factors and community engagement patterns. patterns of citizen participation were determined in social and civic engagements. ...