In the last two decades one of the key questions that has occupied many feminist theorists is how should issues of historical and cultural specificity inform both the analytics and politics of any feminist project. Although this questioning has resulted in serious attempts at integrating issues of sexual, racial, class, and national difference within feminist theory, questions of religious diff...

Islam is regarded to pay attention to the characteristics of urban life which can be practiced on the urban settings. Not surprisingly, Islam has made a great focus on the form and design of cities and prescribed detailed and elaborate regulations for individual and communal life. Seen from other way round, the penetration of Islam into various regions such as Iran, Europe, and Africa had an un...

there are some evidences on elamite seals that show iranian people had enough knowledge to construct small dome on cylindrical spaces like silo in the third millennium bc. but the foundations of large dome over square spaces were formed in the parthian period. bazeh-hur dome chamber with the corners of wood in khorasan province is the most ancient dome from the sasanian dynasty. since the sasan...

decorative arts have got a special place in iranian architecture traditionally. these types of arts are the symbol of nation's ethnics and indigenous features and also express the artist's feelings of those times. stucco is one type of the decorative arts that has decorated many buildings -especially palaces-that belong to the pre-islamic period and also mosques that built in the isla...

Regarding the spread of Islam in Indonesia, it can be seen that contribution merchants from various countries emergence mass organizations and Islamic communities several important ports such as Java, Sumatra other coastal areas. As well evidence many kingdoms were located along coast, Banten, Aceh Demak. Aspects life kings influenced history Islamization archipelago, which gave to strong cultu...

mosque is among the most important edifices in islamic architecture, which has a significant role in the cultural, social, and religious life of the muslims. since mosque is god’s house and a place for whispering supplications to him, the muslim rulers have attempted to construct or reconstruct mosques. they have benefited from the help of the artists and calligraphers for the physical and spir...