Knowledge on rheological properties of sludge is important for the design of pumping and transport facilities and as a tool in process control during treatment. Concentrated activated sludge is known to behave as a non-Newtonian material. The contribution to nonNewtonian behaviour is believed to originate from the colloidal properties of solids more than from the molecular properties of the sus...

Several floc-forming bacteria and phenol-decomposing bacteria were isolated from a phenol-adapted activated sludge. Strain No. 12 was the best floc-former and the ratio of flocculated cells to total cells was 90 or more. A model floc was formed by the mixed culture of the strain No. 12 and No. 3, which was one of representative strains of phenoldecomposing bacteria. This model floc can successf...

The occurrence and distribution of synthetic organic substances following application of dried and granulated (hygienized) municipal sewage sludge in Swedish boreal coniferous forests were investigated. Elevated concentrations of triclosan (TCS), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were detected in the humus layer. Concentrations of ethinyl estradiol (EE...

Safe biodegradable “green” alternatives with minimal environmental and health risks have received widespread research interest. Thirty different kinds of bio-based flocculants (modified starches, modified celluloses, native chitosan, and lignin-based flocculant) were pre-tested using a simple jar test for the examination of the applicability of new organic flocculants in papermaking and in cond...

The predominant bacterium of activated sludge classified as belonging to the genus Flavobacterium showed good flocculent growth in the presence of both calcium and magnesium ions, although capsular material or gelatinous matrix was not detectable in the flocs. The bacterium accumulated a large amount of poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate when grown on glucose, but not on peptone, in spite of good floccu...

Titania is the most widely used metal oxide for the applications of pigments, paper, solar cells and environmental purification. In order to meet the demand of a large amount of titania, our group has developed a novel process which could significantly lower the cost of waste disposal in water treatment, protect the environment and public health and yield economically valuable titania. Titanium...