Although optimization can be done very efficiently using gradient-based optimization these days, Bayesian inference or probabilistic sampling has been considered to be much more difficult. Stein variational gradient descent (SVGD) is a new particle-based inference method derived using a functional gradient descent for minimizing KL divergence without explicit parametric assumptions. SVGD can be...

We present some explicit computations checking a particular form of gradient formula for a boundary beta function in two-dimensional quantum field theory on a disk. The form of the potential function and metric that we consider were introduced in [16], [18] in the context of background independent open string field theory. We check the gradient formula to the third order in perturbation theory ...

background: the well documented source for adult multipotent stem cells is spermatogonial stem cells (sscs). they are the foundation of spermatogenesis in the testis throughout adult life by balancing self-renewal and differentiation. the aim of this study was to assess the effect of percoll density gradient and differential plating on enrichment of undifferentiated type a spermatogonia in diss...

Abstract—Gravity field is of great significance in geoscience, national economy and national security, and gravitational gradient measurement has been extensively studied due to its higher accuracy than gravity measurement. Gravity gradient sensor, being one of core devices of the gravity gradient instrument, plays a key role in measuring accuracy. Therefore, this paper starts from analyzing th...

Human motion in cluttered scenes is often tracked using particle filtering. However, poorly modelled inter-frame motion is not uncommon, resulting in poor priors for the filtering step. Alternatives to the Condensation algorithm in the form of an Auxiliary Particle Filter (APF) and Iterated Likelihood Weighting (ILW) are described. Experimental results comparing these filters’ accuracy and cons...

It is shown how to discretize the pressure gradient in the Navier{ Stokes equations on an arbitrary non-uniform curvilinear staggered grid, such that the error is zero for constant pressure gradient. A theoretical foundation is given for a discretization proposed in 2] on empirical grounds. A quite similar approach is used to discretize a diffusion equation with strongly discontinuous diiusion ...

We propose the utilization of divergences in gradient descent learning of supervised and unsupervised vector quantization as an alternative for the squared Euclidean distance. The approach is based on the determination of the Fréchet-derivatives for the divergences, wich can be immediately plugged into the online-learning rules.We provide themathematical foundation of the respective framework. ...

In this study, two goals are followed. First, by means of the Generalized Differential Quadrature (GDQ) method, parametric analysis on the vibration characteristics of three-parameter Functionally Graded (FG) beams on variable elastic foundations is studied. These parameters include (a) three parameters of power-law distribution, (b) variable Winkler foundation modulus, (c) two-parameter elasti...

In this study, the vibration behavior of functional graded (FG) circular and annular nanoplate embedded in Visco-Pasternak foundation and coupled with temperature change is studied. It is assumed that a uniform radial magnetic field acts on the top surface of the plate and the magnetic permeability coefficient of the plate along its thickness are assumed to vary according to the volume distribu...