We have analyzed the determinants of the Gini coefficient for income and expenditure. In both cases, we do not find support for the Kuznets inverted-U hypothesis. From economic globalization viewpoint, the opening of goods markets reduces income inequality both in the short run (the Gini coefficient for income) and in the long run (the Gini coefficient for expenditure). On the other hand, the o...

Gini index is a widely used measure of economic inequality. This article develops a theory and methodology for constructing a confidence interval for Gini index with a specified confidence coefficient and a specified width without assuming any specific distribution of the data. Fixed sample size methods cannot simultaneously achieve both specified confidence coefficient and fixed width. We deve...

background: one of the important aspects of equity in health is equality in the distribution of resources in this sector. the present study aimed to assess the distribution of hospital beds in shiraz in 2014.   methods: in this retrospective cross-sectional study, the population density index and fair distribution of beds were analyzed by lorenz curve and gini coefficient, respectively. descrip...

On the 3 September 2016, China officially ratified the Paris agreement as the main global producer of carbon emissions. A key of China’s commitment is to reduce its carbon intensity by 60–65% between 2005 and 2030. An improved understanding of the inequality of carbon intensity at national-, inter-regional-, and intra-regional scale is a prerequisite for the development of a more cost-effective...

The extended Gini is a family of measures of variability which is mainly used in the areas of finance and income distribution. Each index in the family is defined by specifying one parameter. The higher the parameter, the more weight is attached to the lower portion of the cumulative distribution. In this paper we list and investigate the properties of the equivalents of the correlation coeffic...

In this paper, we proposed a method for radar modulation identification using power inequality in frequency domain. The four classes of radar signals are classified: unmodulated (UM), linear frequency modulation (LFM), non-linear frequency modulation (NLFM), and frequency shift keying (FSK). To measure the frequency inequality, Gini's coefficient was introduced and the maximum likelihood (ML) c...

BACKGROUND The assessment of population health has traditionally relied on the population's average health measured by mortality related indicators. Researchers have increasingly recognized the importance of including information on health inequality and health-related quality of life (HRQL) in the assessment of population health. The objective of this study is to assess the health of Americans...