Stochastic reconstruction techniques are developed for mapping the interior optical properties of tissues from exterior frequency-domain photon migration measurements at the air-tissue interface. Parameter fields of absorption cross section, fluorescence lifetime, and quantum efficiency are accurately reconstructed from simulated noisy measurements of phase shift and amplitude modulation by use...

Climate shifts at decadal scales can have environmental consequences, and therefore, identifying areas that act as environmental refugia is valuable in understanding future climate variability. Here we illustrate how, given appropriate geohydrology, a rift basin and its catchment can buffer vegetation response to climate signals on decadal time-scales, therefore exerting strong local environmen...

[1] Data from tomographic surveys make an inverse problem better posed in comparison to the data from a single excitation source. A tomographic survey provides different coverages and perspectives of subsurface heterogeneity: nonfully redundant information of the subsurface. Fusion of these pieces of information expands and enhances the capability of a conventional survey, provides cross valida...

The provision of water supply and sanitation services to the developing and water scarce areas of South Africa is one of the goals of the Reconstruction and Development Programme. One of the principles of the South African National Sanitation Policy stipulates that sanitation systems which have unacceptable impacts on the environment cannot be considered to be an adequate form of sanitation. Th...

Droughts occur in all climatic regions around the world costing a large expense to global economies. Reasonably accurate prediction of drought events helps water managers proper planning for utilization limited resources and distribution available waters different sectors avoid catastrophic consequences. Therefore, means create simplistic approach forecasting conditions with easily accessible p...

Remotely sensed data has become an important source for geoscientists to understand the earth. With the rapidly growing availability of remotely sensed data and field surveys, there is an urgent demand to interpret and analyze these data. Remote sensing is a promising technology to support geohydrological studies, mainly because of the potential to observe areas and entire river basins rather t...

Abstract The New Madrid Seismic Zone (NMSZ) has historically recorded some of the largest intensity earthquakes in North America, including significant earth movements that resulted about 2000 felt during 1811–1812. region continues to experience mass wasting due movements. aim this study is understand influence geologic variables on processes greater Cape Girardeau area, which forms commercial...

Every hydrogeologist dealing with tracer tests is aware of the textbook of Werner Käss (born 1924 in Stuttgart, Germany; Figs. 1 and 2) on Tracing Technique in Geohydrology, which was first published in German (Käss 1992), then translated into English (Käss 1998) and finally published as a second German edition (Käss 2004). There is probably no other hydrogeologic discipline where a single book...