OBJECTIVE Geographic patterns in total mortality and in mortality by cause of death are widely known to exist in many countries. However, the geographic pattern of inequalities in mortality within these countries is unknown. This study shows mathematically and graphically the geographic pattern of mortality inequalities by education in Spain. METHODS Data are from a nation-wide prospective st...

datum Basis for measurement of position on the Earth’s surface. discrete object view Conceptualization of geographic phenomena as analogous to a tabletop littered with countable, possibly movable objects. ecological fallacy The fallacy of making inferences about individuals from aggregated data. field view Conceptualization of geographic phenomena as a set of functions over geographic space. ge...

Estimating the geographic location of images is a task which has received a lot of attention in recent years. Large numbers of items uploaded to Flickr do not contain GPS-based latitude/longitude coordinates, although it would be beneficial to obtain such geographic information for a wide variety of potential applications such as travelogues and visual place descriptions. While most works in th...

Bamdezh wetland with the geographical coordinates of   north longitude, east latitude and an area of 44 square Kilometers, is located in about 40 km northwest of Ahvaz and Shavur River is the main source of its supply. This wetland is not only a habitat and suitable food source for aquatic and migratory birds, but as well a significant resource of income for the locals. Today, with the arrival ...

Bamdezh wetland with the geographical coordinates of   north longitude, east latitude and an area of 44 square Kilometers, is located in about 40 km northwest of Ahvaz and Shavur River is the main source of its supply. This wetland is not only a habitat and suitable food source for aquatic and migratory birds, but as well a significant resource of income for the locals. Today, with the arrival ...

Elucidating how life history traits vary geographically is important to understanding variation in population dynamics. Because many aspects of ectotherm life history are climate-dependent, geographic variation in climate is expected to have a large impact on population dynamics through effects on annual survival, body size, growth rate, age at first reproduction, size-fecundity relationship, a...

The content of the world-wide web is pervaded by information of a geographical or spatial nature, particularly such location information as addresses, postal codes, and telephone numbers. We present a system for extracting spatial knowledge from collections of web pages gathered by web-crawling programs. For each page determined to contain location information, we apply geocoding techniques to ...

One characteristic of a Geographic Information System (GIS) is that it addresses the necessity to handle a large amount of data at multiple scales. Lands span over an area greater than 15 million km all over the globe and information types are highly variable. In addition, multi-scale analyses involve both spatial and temporal integration of datasets deriving from different sources. The current...

A project is underway to map die indoor radon potential for New York State at the township level. Through a detector distribution program the New York State Department of Health has a database of over 36,000 basement screening measurements. The address field for the indoor measurement data is being linked to latitude and longitude coordinates using data files containing coordinate information. ...

Sooty blotch and flyspeck (SBFS) fungi on apple fruit were sampled from nine orchards in four midwestern U.S. states during 2000 and 30 orchards in 10 eastern U.S. states during 2005 in order to estimate taxonomic diversity and discern patterns of geographic distribution. Forty apple fruit per orchard were arbitrarily sampled and colonies of each mycelial phenotype were counted on each apple. R...