Fragile X syndrome, the most common form of inherited mental retardation, is caused by the loss of the fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP). FMRP is a ubiquitously expressed, multi-domain RNA-binding protein, but its in vivo function remains poorly understood. Recent studies have shown that FMRP participates in cell cycle control during development. Here, we used Drosophila mutants to te...

conclusions b. oleracea demonstrated similar anti-inflammatory properties to omeprazole in rats with gerd. however, omeprazole also demonstrated genotoxic and cytotoxic effects in rats without gerd. results rats with gerd developed esophagitis and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. b. oleracea and omeprazole-treated gerd rats presented significantly decreased inflammation in relation to non-tr...

Genotoxic compounds induce genetic mutations and/or chromosomal rearrangements and can therefore act as carcinogenic compounds (McGovern and Jacobson-Kram, 2006). These compounds cause damage to DNA by different mechanisms such as alkylation or other interactions that can lead to mutation of the genetic codes. In general, chemists employ the terms "genotoxic" and "mutagenic" synonymously; howev...

The marine environment is becoming increasingly contaminated by environmental pollutants with the potential to damage DNA, with marine sediments acting as a sink for many of these contaminants. Understanding genotoxic responses in sediment-dwelling marine organisms, such as polychaetes, is therefore of increasing importance. This study is an exploration of species-specific and cell-specific dif...

In our present study, different doses of allicin and L-ascorbic acid were tested against the genotoxic damage induced by chlormadinone acetate (CMA; 40 microM) using chromosomal aberrations (CAs) and sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) as the parameters. Treatment with allicin and L-ascorbic acid resulted in reduction of CAs and SCEs. The results suggested a protective role of allicin and L-ascor...

Epidemiological findings have indicated that red meat increases the likelihood of colorectal cancer. Aim of this study was to investigate whether hemoglobin, or its prosthetic group heme, in red meat, is a genotoxic risk factor for cancer. Human colon tumor cells (HT29 clone 19A) and primary colonocytes were incubated with hemoglobin/hemin and DNA damage was investigated using the comet assay. ...

the aim of the present study was to evaluate vitamin c (vc) as a potent natural antioxidant to mitigate the genotoxic effects of arsenic trioxide and sodium fluoride in swiss albino mice in vivo. the study was divided into eight groups consisting of control treated with normal saline (group i), group ii, iii, iv, v, vi, vii and the vc group with only vitamin c (500 mg/kgbw). arsenic trioxide (4...

Vanillic acid, a vegetable phenolic compound, is a strong antioxidant. The aim of the present study was to determine its effects on mitomycin C-induced DNA damage in human blood lymphocyte cultures in vitro, both alone and in combination with mitomycin C (MMC). The cytokinesis block micronucleus test and alkaline comet assay were used to determine genotoxic damage and anti-genotoxic effects of ...

The circadian transcriptional repressors cryptochrome 1 (Cry1) and 2 (Cry2) evolved from photolyases, bacterial light-activated DNA repair enzymes. In this study, we report that while they have lost DNA repair activity, Cry1/2 adapted to protect genomic integrity by responding to DNA damage through posttranslational modification and coordinating the downstream transcriptional response. We demon...