نتایج جستجو برای: genetic drift
تعداد نتایج: 639292 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
Genetic drift is stochastic fluctuations of alleles frequencies in a population due to sampling effects. We consider a model of drift in an equilibrium population, with high mutation rates: few functional mutations per generation. Such mutation rates are common in multicellular organisms including humans, however they are not explicitly considered in most population genetics models. Under these...
Fungi display a large diversity in genome size and complexity, variation that is often considered to be adaptive. But because nonadaptive processes can also have important consequences on the features of genomes, we investigated the relationship of genetic drift and genome size in the phylum Ascomycota using multiple indicators of genetic drift. We detected a complex relationship between geneti...
The evolutionary mechanisms generating the tremendous biodiversity of islands have long fascinated evolutionary biologists. Genetic drift and divergent selection are predicted to be strong on islands and both could drive population divergence and speciation. Alternatively, strong genetic drift may preclude adaptation. We conducted a genomic analysis to test the roles of genetic drift and diverg...
Random Genetic Drift is one of the evolutionary forces that effects the distribution of alleles and changes their frequencies in populations. The main idea behind this theory is that genetic changes can happen randomly. This can be explained through the Bottleneck effect. There are two main factors that have an influence on genetic drift, the first one is the Effective Population Size Ne , whic...
21 Spatial patterns of neutral genetic diversity are often investigated to infer gene flow in wild populations. 22 However, teasing apart the influence of gene flow from the effect of genetic drift is challenging given that both 23 forces are acting simultaneously on patterns of genetic differentiation. Here, we tested the relevance of a 24 distance-based metric-based on estimates of effective ...
A method for calculating genetic drift in terms of changing population fitness variance is presented. The method allows for an easy comparison of different selection schemes and exact analytical results are derived for traditional generational selection, steady-state selection with varying generation gap, a simple model of Eshelman’s CHC algorithm, and (μ + λ) evolution strategies. The effects ...
Changes in pathogen genetic variation within hosts alter the severity and spread of infectious diseases, with important implications for clinical disease and public health. Genetic drift may play a strong role in shaping pathogen variation, but analyses of drift in pathogens have oversimplified pathogen population dynamics, either by considering dynamics only at a single scale-such as within ho...
Populations of Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 (HIV-1) undergo a surprisingly large amount of genetic drift in infected patients despite very large population sizes, which are predicted to be mostly deterministic. Several models have been proposed to explain this phenomenon, but all of them implicitly assume that the process of virus replication itself does not contribute to genetic drift. ...
For the analysis of the dynamics of game playing populations, it is common practice to assume infinitely large populations. Infinite models yield predictions of fixed points and their stability properties. However, these models cannot demonstrate the influence of genetic drift, caused by stochastic sampling in small populations. Instead, we propose Markov models of finite populations for the an...
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