after parkinsonism, dystonia is the movement disorder most commonly encountered in movement disorder clinics. it is defined as a syndrome of sustained muscle contractions, frequently causing twisting and repetitive movements or abnormal postures. dystonia is classified in three ways: age at onset, body distribution of abnormal movements, and etiology. the etiologic classification identifies fou...

Autism spectrum disorder is an entity that reflects a scientific consensus that several previously separated disorders are actually a single spectrum disorder with different levels of symptom severity in two core domains - deficits in social communication and interaction, and restricted repetitive behaviors. Autism spectrum disorder is diagnosed in all racial, ethnic and socioeconomic groups an...

conclusions the results of the study show no significant association between norepinephrine transporter polymorphism scl6a2 and adhd. results the percentages of adhd subtypes for combined, inattentive, and hyperactive/impulsive were 72.2%, 17.2%, and 11.9%, respectively. there was no significant association between norepinephrine transporter polymorphism and adhd (p = 0.81). moreover, no signif...

Inbreeding is usually defined as the mating between relatives and the progeny that result of a consanguineous mating between two related individuals is said to be inbred (CavalliSforza & Bodmer, 1971; Hedrick, 2005; Vogel & Motulsky, 1997). As a result of inheriting the same chromosomal segment through both parents, who inherited it from a common ancestor, the individuals born of consanguineous...

Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS) is a clinically heterogeneous groupof inherited disorders with ten different types, all involving agenetic defect in collagen and connective-tissue synthesis andstructure that affecting the skin, joints, and blood vessels. EDStype VIA, a very rare kyphoscoliotic type, is autosomal recessiveand clinically characterized by soft extensible skin, laxity ofjoints and kyp...