This paper introduces AMLCS-DA, a Python package designed to perform sequential Data Assimilation (DA) on Atmospheric General Circulation Models (AT-GCM). The provides implementations of well-known ensemble-based methods. default forecast step relies the AT-GCM SPEEDY. Users can define various configurations for assimilation steps, including density observational networks, background error corr...

This study uses an empirical downscaling method based on self-organizing maps (SOMs) to produce highresolution, downscaled precipitation projections over the state of Pennsylvania in the mid-Atlantic region of the United States for the future period 2046–65. To examine the sensitivity of precipitation change to the water vapor increase brought by global warming, the authors test the following t...

Even when forced with mostly identical physical parametrizations, general circulation models (GCMs) of Venus produce significant dispersion in the simulated zonal wind fields and meridional circulations. Horizontal resolution, lower boundary layer parametrization and initial state are among the most sensitive aspects, and consistent trends are not obtained between models (or even by the same mo...

[1] To help understand the large disparity in the results of circulation modeling for the atmospheres of Titan and Venus, where the whole atmosphere rotates faster than the surface (superrotation), the atmospheric angular momentum budget is detailed for two General Circulation Models (GCMs). The LMD GCM is tested for both Venus (with simplified and with more realistic physical forcings) and Tit...

The ‘‘Panama Hypothesis’’ states that the gradual closure of the Panama Seaway, between 13 million years ago (13 Ma) and 2.6 Ma, led to decreased mixing of Atlantic and Pacific water Masses, the formation of North Atlantic Deep water and strengthening of the Atlantic thermohaline circulation, increased temperatures and evaporation in the North Atlantic, increased precipitation in Northern Hemis...

We analyse the response of the TIE-GCM computer model of the upper atmosphere to atmospheric tides at its lower boundary and to variations of night-time ionization rates. TIE-GCM is an expensive code, and we choose to use our thirty evaluations of the model to construct an emulator, and then use the emulator for the analysis. TIE-GCM has some non-standard features, namely a periodic input, and ...

One of the most important Limitation General Circulation Models , Large scale are being simulation of climatic variables. So should With Various method are downscaled, The ability to have identified a study area. Choose a suitable GCM model for the study area Very important role In the simulation  parameter (precipitation) is intended for future. In this research of CMIP5 Models Contains BCC-CS...

Future climate forcing data at the temporal and spatial scales needed to drive hydrologic models are not readily available. Simple methods to derive these data from historical data or General Circulation Model (GCM) results may not adequately capture future hydrological variability. This study assessed streamflow response to daily future climate forcing data produced by a new method using subse...

Randall et al. (1996) summarized a strategy for testing parameterizations in single-column models (SCMs). The SCM is driven with observations and the results produced by the SCM are compared with additional observations of the same meteorological events. When the SCM’s parameterizations are judged to have performed satisfactorily in tests against observations, they can be transplanted into a th...