in recent decades energy sector has been most important division in sociopolitical national and international dialogs. policy making in energy sector in iran is a strategic subject because of independency of our national revenue to oil & gas export in one way and huge oil & gas reservoirs in iran (137 billion barrel in oil and 28.3 million cubic meter in gas) in other hand. this paper investiga...

Foreword The Australian Greenhouse Office commissioned The Allen Consulting Group to consult with industry and other stakeholders and provide independent advice on permit allocation options under a possible national emissions trading system. This report represents The Allen Consulting Group's findings. The Australian Greenhouse Office is releasing this report in the interest of informing and pr...

This paper analyses banking and borrowing of carbon emission rights within the framework of a simple, integrated assessment model. Breaking the world economy in just two regions it will be shown: (1) Increasing when-flexibility in greenhouse gas abatement through banking and borrowing of carbon emission permits has a positive effect on welfare for regions with a poor endowment in carbon emissio...

An Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) algorithm is proposed for optimal tree-structured natural gas distribution network. Design of pipelines, facilities, and equipment systems are necessary tasks to configure an optimal natural gas network. A mixed integer programming model is formulated to minimize the total cost in the network. The aim is to optimize pipe diameter sizes so that the location-alloc...

The traditional optimum modes of gas-lift production are usually established by taking the injected gas rate as a decision variable and maximum oil objective function. After solving model, rates single wells obtained, then productions wells, total well groups economic profit can be obtained. However, models do not take both different types performance curves (GLPCs) cost factors technique into ...