Background: Qin Bing eye drop is prepared with cortex fraxini and borneol. It has been commonly used to relieve the symptoms of photokeratoconjunctivitis (PKC), chronic conjunctivitis and keratitis for more than forty years. However, the origins of cortex fraxini are various, which may result in the unstable quality. Methods: The animal model of PKC was established using rabbit’s eyes exposure ...

Prunus and Pyrus species affected with phytoplasma diseases, as well as leafhopper species collected from Prunus and Pyrus fields in Ontario, Canada were tested for presence of phytoplasmas. Preliminary results showed that Graminella nigrifrons is a potential vector for phytoplasma groups 16SrI-W (‘Candidatus Phytoplasma asteris’), and 16SrVII-A (‘Candidatus Phytoplasma fraxini’) to a variety o...

In Lithuania, the dieback of European ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.), caused by alien ascomycete Hymenoscyphus fraxineus, started in mid-1990s, resulting a large-scale decline F. and its dominated forest habitats. Nevertheless, recent inventories show presence several hundred hectares naturally regenerated stands. We used seven sites three planted progeny trials to collect leaves, shoots, roots, s...

This study aims to develop a fast and eco-friendly liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS) method for the determination of aesculin aesculetin in Cortex Fraxini. Ultrapure water was used as solvent during microwave-assisted extraction process prepare Fraxini sample. reduces cost harmful (only ultrapure used) microwave time (1 min). The LC separation conducted using an Agilent InfinityLa...

Since its first identification in Poland in 2006, the ascomycete Hymenoscyphus fraxineus has caused massive dieback of Fraxinus excelsior in the countries of eastern, northern and central Europe. This work shows the development, expansion, and severity of the disease in south-eastern Germany for a period of four years, starting in 2010. Differences between habitats, as well as age classes have ...

The fungal genus Venturia Sacc. (anamorph Fusicladium Bonord.) includes plant pathogens that cause substantial economic damage to fruit crops worldwide. Although Venturia inaequalis is considered a model species in plant pathology, other Venturia spp. also cause scab on other fruit trees. Relative to the substantial research that has been conducted on V. inaequalis and apple scab, little resear...