In this work, the effects of scale on thermal behavior of the slab in a walking-beam type reheating furnace is studied by considering scale formation and growth in a furnace environment. Also, mathematical heat transfer model to predict the thermal radiation in a complex shaped reheating furnace with slab and skid buttons is developed with combined nongray WSGGM and blocked-off solution procedu...

*Tenova LOI Italimpianti, Italy, **Centro Sviluppo Materiali SpA, Italy ENVIRONMENTAL concerns and rising prices of fossil fuels have focused the steel industry’s attention on minimising emissions and improving heating efficiency in reheat furnaces. Additionally with the rise in competitiveness within the world steel market product quality can be a key strategic factor to gain a market, a facto...

Nowadays blast furnace operation is supervised by extensive measurements and controlled accordingly. Characteristic indications concerning process quality are given by the analysis of the radial temperature profile in the upper part of the furnace. Optimising this temperature distribution would lead to considerable savings of input material. To achieve an optimisation, quantitative relations be...

Quench hardening is the process of strengthening and hardening ferrous metals and alloys by heating the material to a specific temperature to form austenite (austenitization), followed by rapid cooling (quenching) in water, brine or oil to introduce a hardened phase called martensite. The material is then often tempered to increase toughness, as it may decrease from the quench hardening process...

Absrract This paper presents a practical application of the conventional multi-loop control method for the temperature control of a television glass furnace. To control the temperature of the TV glass furnace, major input-output variables are selected, and simple FirstOrder-Plus-Dead-Time(F0PDT)models are established with the process experimental data. Based on the FOPDT models, a multi-loop. c...

An analytical model of a spreader-stoker wood waste fired boiler has been developed for pre­ dicting the size of the largest particle which can be entrained by the upward motion of the furnace gases. This model is based on an entrainment model which equates particle in-situ settling velocity to furnace gas velocity and uses a stirred reactor mod­ el to evaluate furnace conditions. The effects o...

The manufacture of optical fibers typically involves taking a solid glass cylinder (a blank or preform), heating it up to melting temperature by feeding it through a cylindrical furnace (the drawing tower), and drawing the molten blank from the other end of the furnace at high speed (tens of meters per second). Since the drawing speed is much faster than the feeding speed (by a factor of at lea...

The difficulty in measuring load temperatures inside reheating gas furnaces may be circumvented by appropriate use of on-line numerical models. In this article we describe a model of pusher furnaces, used to reheat steel slabs. The model uses thermocouple measurements at fixed positions inside the furnace to calculate the temperature of the combustion products, and takes into account radiative ...

Blast furnace gas is the byproduct of smelting steel production process, and is the important secondary energy source. It is can be used as fuel for engines to generate electricity for most middle and small steel enterprises. In order to understand the combustion mechanism and provide the basis for the design of blast furnace gas engine,premixed laminar combustion experiments of the blast furna...

chemical vapor deposition (cvd) is one of the most important methods for producing carbon nanotubes (cnts). in this research, a numerical model, based on finite volume method, is investigated. the applied method solves the conservation of mass, momentum, energy and species transport equations with aid of ideal gas law. using this model, the growth rate and thickness uniformity of produced cnts,...